1. Unit 2 vocabulary
Minerals and Rocks

2. Mineral
Pg. 44
A naturally occurring, inorganic solid that has a crystal structure and a definite chemical composition.

3. Inorganic
Pg. 45
Not formed from living thins or remains of living things.

4. Streak
Pg. 47
The color of a mineral's powder.

5. Luster
Pg. 47
The way a mineral reflects light from its surface.

6. Cleavage
Pg. 50
A mineral’s ability to split easily along flat surface.

7. Fracture
Pg. 51
The way a mineral looks when it breaks apart in an irregular way.

8. Igneous Rock
Pg. 57
A type of rock that forms from the cooling of molten rock at or below the surface.

9. Sedimentary
Rock
Pg. 57,240
A type of rock that forms when particles from other rocks or the remains of plants and animals are pressed and cemented together.

10. Metamorphic
Rock
Pg. 57
A type of rock that forms from an existing rock that is changed by heat, pressure, or chemical reactions.

11. Extrusive
Rock
Pg. 58
Igneous rock that forms from lava on Earth’s surface.

12. Igneous rock that forms when magma hardens beneath Earth’s surface.
Intrusive
Rock
Pg. 59

13. Silica
Pg. 60, 154
A material found in magma that is formed from the elements oxygen and silicon.

14. Erosion
Pg. 63, 177,204
The process by which water, ice, wind, or gravity moves weathered rock or soil.

15. Deposition
Pg. 63, 205
Process in which sediment is laid down in new locations.

16. Cementation
Pg. 63
The process by which dissolved minerals crystallize and glue particles of sediment together into one mass.

17. Clastic Rock
Pg. 64
Sedimentary rock that forms when rock fragments are squeezed together under high pressure.

18. Organic Rock
Pg. 64
Sedimentary rock that forms from remains of organisms deposited in thick layers.

19. Chemical Rock
Pg. 65
Sedimentary rock that forms when minerals crystallize from a solution.

20. Foliated
Pg. 68
Term used to describe metamorphic rocks that have grains arranged in parallel layers or bands.

21. Rock Cycle
Pg. 70
A series of processes on the surface and inside Earth that slowly changed rocks from one kind to another.