1. Unit 13 – Acid, Bases, & Salts
Titrations
Titration
Calculations
Print 1, 3-5, 7-8

2. ACID + BASE  SALT + WATER
Neutralization Reactions (REVIEW)
Neutralization – chemical reaction between an acid and a base.
HCl + NaOH  NaCl + HOH
H2O =
ACID + BASE  SALT + WATER

3. A. Titration
Titration
Process used to determine the concentration of a solution by adding a known concentration (the standard) to a measured amount of the solution of unknown concentration

4. A. Titration
Equivalence Point
moles of H+ = moles of OH–

5. A. Titration
A steep rise in the pH of the acid solution indicates that all the H+ ions from the acid have been neutralized by the OH- ions of the base.

6. A. Titration
End Point
indicator permanently changes color

7. A. Titration
Phenolphthalein

8. Acid/Base Indicators

9. MAVA = MBVB MAVA = MBVB a b
B. Calculations
For neutralization reactions with a 1:1 ratio:
MAVA = MBVB
For neutralization reactions with a non 1:1 ratio:
MAVA = MBVB
a b
a = acid coefficient
b = base coefficient

10. MAVA = MBVB B. Calculations 0.160 M HCl Example (find conc.)
A 25.0 mL solution of HCl was completely neutralized by 40.0 mL of standard M NaOH. What is the concentration of the HCl?
HCl + NaOH  NaCl + H2O
MA x (25.0 mL) = (0.100 M) x (40.0 mL)
MA = (40.0 mL) x (0.100 M) =
(25.0 mL)
0.160 M HCl

11. MAVA = MBVB B. Calculations 0.357 M KOH Example (find conc.)
A 20.4 mL solution of KOH was completely neutralized by 48.5 mL of M HNO3.
What is the concentration of the KOH?
HNO3 + KOH  KNO3 + H2O
(0.150 M) x (48.5 mL) = MB x (20.4 mL)
(0.150 M) x (48.5 mL) = MB =
(20.4 mL)
0.357 M KOH

12. MAVA = MBVB a b B. Calculations Example (find conc.)
A 159 mL sample of KOH is titrated to equivalence with 100. mL of 1.50 M H2SO4 . Calculate the molarity of the KOH solution.
H2SO4(aq) KOH(aq)  2 H2O(l) + K2SO4(aq)
(1.50 M) x (100 mL) = MB x (159 mL)
MB = (1.50 M) x (100 mL) x 2 =
1 x (159 mL)
1.89 M KOH

13. Quick Quiz!
1) When the moles of acid equals the moles of base you have reached the…
A) titration point
B) end point
C) equivalence point
D) neutralization point 13

14. Quick Quiz.
2) If 20. mL of 0.50 M HCl is titrated to equivalence by 40. mL of NaOH, then the NaOH concentration must be ___.
A) 2.0 M
B) 1.0 M
C) 0.50 M
D) 0.25 M
moles of H+ = moles of OH–
0.020 L
0.50 M
0.040 L
??? M 14