1. BLOOD & TISSUE FLAGELLATES/ HAEMOFLAGELLATES Trypanosoma sp
BLOOD & TISSUE FLAGELLATES/ HAEMOFLAGELLATES Trypanosoma sp. Assistant lecturer Ahmed Essam

2. Trypanosoma sp. T. brucei gambiense
- cause: West African sleeping sickness
T. brucei rhodesiense
- cause: East African sleeping sickness
T. cruzi
- cause: American trypanosomiasis or ‘Chagas’ disease.

3. T.b. gambiense frequently goes to CNS
Causes the chronic, sleepiness associated with African Sleeping Sickness
Apathy, mental dullness, disturbance of coordination
Increase in sleepiness, finally to coma, and death.
Death may also occur from malnutrition, falling, or other infections

4. T.b. rhodiensiense rarely invade the CNS but causes death much faster.
Usually due to invasion of heart tissue
Both subspecies produce intermittent periods of fever, particularly in early stages.

5. T. brucei. gambiense Cause West African sleeping sickness.
“tsetse fly belt” is a large area of Africa that has reported cases of African sleeping sickness.
Vector/ intermediate host:(Glossina) tsetsefly.

6. T. brucei gambiense (Trypomastigotes)

7. Tsetse fly (Glossina)

8. West African sleeping sickness
Also known as Gambian trypanosomiasis.
Chronic course- ends with central nervous involvement and death after several years of durations.

9. Life cycle of T.brucei

10. Diagnosis
1. Microscopic examination:(Trypomastigotes in the blood smear).
Concentration technique – centrifugation
Serologic technique.

11. T. burcei rhodesiensi (trypomastigotes)

12. T. cruzi Cause of American trypanosomiasis/ (Chagas disease).
Has an intracellular amastigote stage that develops in cardiac, brain and visceral tissues.
Also has trypomastigotes in the peripheral circulation.

13. T. cruzi

14. Life cycle of T. cruzi

15. Trypanosoma cruzi vector
Triatomine bug(kissing bug),, defecating on the wound after taking a blood meal

16. Reduviid bug( - triatoma species

17. Thank you