1. Saddles and Bits

2. English saddle

4. Rollers
Rollers can be made of stainless steel or copper, or are often seen in an alternating pattern as on this full cheek snaffle. The function of the copper rollers is to encourage salivation, while the rollers themselves are felt to prevent the horse from leaning on the bit. The rollers increase the severity of the bit slightly. Rollers are also sometimes on bits with ports and spades.

5. Ports
Ports can be quite low or very high. Some port will have rollers or keys. Both English and western bits may have ports.
Used in correction bits

6. Mullen
A bit with a mullen mouth is a plain mouthpiece, with a slight curvature so that it sits comfortably over the horse's tongue.
This type of mouthpiece will be slightly more comfortable for a horse to carry than a straight bar mouthpiece.
The mullen mouth is thought to be a gentler bit than one with a jointed mouthpiece, as there is no nutcracker effect when the reins are pulled. Mullen mouths are seen on both snaffle and curb bits such as mullen mouth grazing bits, or English and western-style pelhams.

7. Snaffle Bits

8. Snaffles
The basic principle of a snaffle bit is that control over the horse is achieved through direct pressure on the corners of the mouth and on the lower jaw.  The general effect of this pressure is to draw the head upwards and inwards. 
There is great variation in snaffle bits, which allows them to put more or less pressure on the three points of contact: the lips, bars, and tongue.  Bits like the full-cheek and dee ring snaffles are designed to put more pressure against the sides of the lips and hence aid in turning control.  Unjointed snaffles, like the mullen mouth, put more pressure on the tongue, while jointed bits transfer more of that pressure to the bars.

9. D-Ring snaffle (gentle)

10. Eggbutt Snaffle (gentle)

11. French Link (gentle)
have a flat peanut shaped link in the middle to make two links. The French link mouthpiece is thought to be milder than a single joint or mullen mouth and easier for the horse to carry

12. O-Ring single break twist (severe)

13. Twisted Wire Snaffle (severe)

14. Full Cheek Snaffle

15. Half cheek

16. Curb Bits
These bits have a shank attached to the mouthpiece, supported by a chain under the jaw, adding leverage to the action of the rein. The effect of this leverage is to increase pressure on the tongue and jaw, and add pressure to the poll, which encourages a lowering of the head and increased flexion in the jaw. These bits are more severe and require a sensitive touch to be used correctly.
Certain types of curb bits (often called Weymouths) are used in combination with a thin snaffle bit, called a bradoon, to form the double bridle, which is treated as a separate category. The double bridle arrangement is used almost exclusively in upper level dressage, and gives the rider very precise control through the use of two reins.

17. Tom thumb

18. Shanked snaffle

19. Mullen (low port)

20. Elevator Bit

21. Pelham Bits
Bits in the pelham category can also be used with two sets of reins, however, they are attached to only one bit.
The traditional pelham looks like a curb bit with an extra ring at the mouthpiece, so the bit can be used as a snaffle, a curb, or both, depending on where the reins are attached.
Not strictly considered pelhams include multi-ring bits, known as elevator bits, the kimberwick, and the boucher. Though they may look different, they work on the same principle as other pelham bits.

22. Pelham

23. Kimberwick