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Minimally invasive direct coronary bypass versus cardiopulmonary technique: angiographic comparison1
Robert R Lazzara, MD, Francis E Kidwell, BS The Annals of Thoracic Surgery Volume 67, Issue 2, Pages (February 1999) DOI: /S (98)01251-X
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Fig 1 Digitally based portable angiographic system used in the surgical suite. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery , DOI: ( /S (98)01251-X)
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Fig 2 Minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass grafting of left internal mammary artery to the lateral anterior descending. Note kink proximal to patent anastomosis (grade 4). Angiography led to repositioning of pedicle. Correction of the problem was achieved without redoing the anastomosis, and did not require cardiopulmonary bypass. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery , DOI: ( /S (98)01251-X)
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