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Do Now Answer the following riddle: What has hands but cannot clap?
When the bell rings After the bell (2 min) Answer the following riddle: What has hands but cannot clap? In your seat: With pen/pencil With Notebook With Handout Ready for Do Now Still needs Do Now
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Agenda Do Now (5 min) Mini Lesson(15 min)
Notes: Acid/Base Theories (30 min) Independent Practice(15 min) Exit Slip (5 min) Closeout (2 min)
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WARNING! Last day to turn in work is FRIDAY!!!!
All grades are up-to- date Your Q3 grade can only go up Make-up quizzes and tests during office hours (I will be late to office hours on Thursday!) WARNING!
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Mini-Lesson 4 Types of bonds
Covalent: electrons are shared between 2 non- metals Ionic: electrons are transferred from a metal to a non-metal Polyatomic: electrons are both transferred and shared Metallic: electrons are shared (kind of) by different atoms of the same element Mini-Lesson
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Mini-Lesson Determine the type of bond I do: You do: NO2 Cr2O3 MgCl2
CaCO3 NH3 CO3- Mini-Lesson
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Mini-Lesson What happens to electrons in each compound? You do:
Ca(OH)2 H2O CN- PO4-2 Ni2S3 Mini-Lesson
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Unit: Acids & Bases Topic: Acid & Base Theories
Objectives: Using the ions released, Explain the difference between an acid and base Identify conjugate acid-base pairs
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Vocabulary and Definitions
Dissociation: the splitting of a molecule into smaller molecules, atoms, or ions, especially by a reversible process. Hydronium Ion: Released by acids; expressed as H3O+ Hydroxide Ion: Released by bases; expressed as OH-
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A substance can be classified as an acid or base when it releases H+ or OH- ions in water
This is called “in solution” and expressed as (aq) KP #1: Arrhenius Theory
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KP #1: Arrhenius Theory Water is unique
It releases both H+ and OH- ions KP #1: Arrhenius Theory
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KP #2: Arrhenius Acids a substance that dissociates in water and increases the number of H+ ions in the water. H+ is also known as: Hydrogen Ion Example: HCl (hydrochloric acid) HCl + H+ + Cl-
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KP #2: Arrhenius Acids You Try:
Show the dissociation of Hydroiodic Acid (HI) in water
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Strong Acids you will commit to memory:
1. HCl - hydrochloric acid 2. HNO3 - nitric acid 3. H2SO4 - sulfuric acid 4. HBr - hydrobromic acid 5. HI - hydroiodic acid 6. HClO4 - perchloric acid
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KP #3: Arrhenius Bases a substance that when added to water increases the number of OH- ions in the water. OH is also known as: Hydroxide Example: NaOH (Sodium Hydroxide) NaOH OH- + Na+
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KP #3: Arrhenius Bases You Try:
Show the dissociation of Rubidium Hydroxide (RbOH) in water
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Strong Bases you will commit to memory:
1. LiOH - lithium hydroxide 2. NaOH - sodium hydroxide 3. KOH - potassium hydroxide 4. RbOH - rubidium hydroxide 5. CsOH - cesium hydroxide -What group are all of the metals in? –What do all of these have in common? What do all of these bases have in common?
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When acids and bases mix with water, they form what is called a conjugate acid base pair
Acids donate (lose) H+ ions Pair with conjugate base Bases accept (gain) H+ ions Pair with conjugate acid KP #4: Bronsted-Lowry
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KP #4: Bronsted-Lowry Example: H2SO4 + H2O H3O+ + HSO4-
Acid and base on the reactant side and conjugates are on the product side KP #4: Bronsted-Lowry
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How to find the conjugate acid/base:
Example: H2SO4 + H2O H3O+ + HSO4- Steps: Find and match the things that are most alike Determine what happened from left to right Label: If you see that it lost an H, you found the acid. If you see that it gained an H, you found the basd.
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KP #4: I Do NH3 + H2O NH4+ + OH-
Identify the acid & base then identify its conjugate. YOU ARE PICKING 2 PAIRS.
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KP #4: We Do CH3CO2H + H2O H3O+ + CH3O2-
HCl + H2O H3O+ + Cl- CH3CO2H + H2O H3O+ + CH3O2- Identify the acid & base then identify its conjugate. YOU ARE PICKING 2 PAIRS.
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KP #4: We Do HNO3 + H2O NO3- + H3O+ H2PO4– + OH– HPO4–2 + H2O
Identify the acid & base then identify its conjugate. YOU ARE PICKING 2 PAIRS.
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KP #4: I Do What is the conjugate acid for HBr?
What is the conjugate base for HBr? For each of the following, identify the conjugate acid or base
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KP #4: We Do What is the conjugate acid for HI?
What is the conjugate base for HI? For each of the following, identify the conjugate acid or base
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Independent Practice How What 20 minutes
C: 0 – 1, only on task conversation H: Raise hand, move on to next question until I am available A: Completing questions M: In clusters. 3 Hall passes. P: Answering questions on reverse side of notes, using notes, head up, asking questions of partners 20 minutes Complete practice on reverse side of notes
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Exit Slip (Q: 1 of 3) According to Arrhenius theory, which of the following correctly shows what happens to H3PO4 in solution? H3PO4 OH- + PO4- H3PO4 H3P + O2 H3PO4 OH- + P-3 H3PO4 H+ + PO4-
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Exit Slip (Q: 2 & 3) Which of the following is the correct conjugate base for H2SO4? H3SO4+ HSO4- SO4-2 OH- For the following reaction, identify the acid, base and conjugate pairs H3PO4 + H2O H2PO4- + H3O+
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