1. When an ice cube melts it gains thermal energy
Schimmel
Chapter 4
Study Guide
Thermal Energy
Thermal energy is the energy of moving particles in matter
The more thermal energy something has, the faster the particles move.
Thermal energy is produced by many objects. For example, a toaster
Thermal energy is known as heat.
Ways To Produce Heat
1.) FRICTION- a force that occurs when one object rubs against another object
Ex.) rubbing your hands
2.) Electricity- toasters, electric ovens, hairdryers all use electricity to produce heat.
3. Mixing Matter- can a chemical change. Often when a chemical change occurs heat is given off
4. Burning fuels- campfires, burning oils, or natural gases all are used to produce heat.
When an ice cube melts it gains thermal energy
Temperature
Temperature is the measure of how hot or cold something is
A thermometer is a tool that is used to measure temperature
A thermometer is measured in units called degrees.
*Fahrenheit and Celsius
The higher the liquid is in the tube the hotter it is
The lower the liquid is in the tube the colder it is
A persons normal body temperature is 98 degrees. When you are sick and have a fever you could have a body temperature as high as 102 degrees!!!!

2. Convection Conductors Insulators
Movement of Heat
Radiation
Radiation is the movement of energy by waves.
Ex) a lizard gets warm by laying in the sun.
Conduction
Conduction is the movement of heat from one solid to another when they touch.
ex.) a stove heats up a frying pan.
Convection
Convection is the movement of heat through liquids and gases
Ex.) heat from a pan warms the air above it.
Conductors
A conductor is any material that allows heat to move through it easily .
ex) most metals, glass,
and ceramic
Conductors are used to cook food.
Insulators
An insulator is any material that does not allow heat to move through it easily.
ex) wood, paper, rubber,
and plastic
Fiberglass is an insulator that is used to keep houses warmer in the winter.
An oven mitt is an insulator. People wear oven mitts to keep their hands from the heat of a pan.
Dark colors absorb waves (get hot fast)
Light colors reflect waves (do not get hot fast)