1. Unit 1 – Introduction to ARHS & Earth Science
Ashley Ridge HS

2. The Metric System Base units Length – meter (m) Time – second (s)
Volume – Liter (L)
Mass – gram (g)
Temperature – Kelvin (K)

3. The Metric System
Prefixes are used to increase or decrease the size of the base units.
Kilo (k)- x 1000
Hecta (H)- x 100
Deca (D)- x 10
deci (d)- x 1/10
centi (c)- x 1/100
milli (m)- x 1/1000
Example: 1 kilogram is ______ times larger than 1 gram. 1 centigram is ____ times smaller than 1 gram.

4. Metric Conversion
Conversion in the metric system is relatively easy because the units are based in 10s, so you can just move the decimal point.
Use this mnemonic device to help:
King Henry died drinking chocolate milk.
Example: 4 g = _____ Hg
K H D _____ d c m

5. More Practice You can work with your group members, but just like the bell ringer, make sure ALL group members know the answers and understand how to get them.
7 K = _____ mK
9.2 cm = ____ km
1.5 ks = _____ ds

6. Dimensional Analysis Useful for conversion between non-metric units.
Write starting value as a fraction over 1.
Write conversion factor as a fraction, with desired new unit on top.
Solve for the new value.
Ex: Convert 10 km to miles. (1 mile = km)
____________ x ____________ = _____________
Ex: Convert 10 miles to km. (1 mile = km)

7. More Practice You can work with your group members, but just like the bell ringer, make sure ALL group members know the answers and understand how to get them.
Ex: Convert 3 meters to feet. (1m = 3.28 ft)
____________ x ____________ = _____________
Ex: Convert 5.2 feet to meters. (1m = 3.28 ft)

8. What is the name for the diagram shown to the right?
What kinds of information can be learned from diagrams like this one?

9. Topography – Key Terms
Topography – the size and shape of the land surface features of a region
Elevation – height above sea level
Profile – cross-sectional (side-view) graph of the land feature’s elevation

10. Match each topographical map on the left with its profile on the right.

11. Answers:

12. Contour Lines
Contour line – a line that connects points of equal elevation on a map
The marked point on this map is the [highest , lowest] point of elevation on this map.
Lowest – the numbers on the contour lines increase going out in all directions from this point.

13. Contour Lines
The marked point on this map is the [highest , lowest] point of elevation on this map.
Highest – the numbers on the contour lines decrease going out in all directions from this point.

14. Contour Interval
Contour interval – the difference in elevation between each contour line on the entire map
Find two numbered contour lines (800 and 700)
Subtract their values (ex: 800 – 700 = 100)
Divide by the number of intervals between those lines (ex: 100 ÷ 5 = 20)
Use the contour interval to determine the elevation of unmarked lines.
780
760
740
720

15. Find the contour interval for this map.
750 – 700 = 50
50 ÷ 5 = 10
740
730
720
710

16. Map Scale
Scale – the relationship between the distance shown on a map and the actual distance

17. Gradient = (change in elevation) ÷ distance