1. Section A: Exercise and Sport Physiology
1. Energy concepts

2. Syllabus
Definitions of energy, work and power and the units they are expressed in
Forms of energy to include chemical, kinetic and potential

3. Energy Concepts CONCEPT DEFINITION UNITS ENERGY
Ability to perform work
Joules (J)
WORK
Ability to apply force over a distance
POWER
Work (F × D) divided by time
Watts (W)

4. Energy Concepts: in regard to physical activity, energy and work can be used interchangeably!
Weight control is an example of utilising this information.
Energy expenditure versus energy input
WORK
Relating this concept to a practical use consider; the work/energy required for a 90kg person to walk 100m.
Body weight × 10 = force.
Force × 100m = 90,000J

5. Energy Concepts
POWER
Consider the practical use when assessing human movement i.e. a 100m race.
Increasing power means:
SAME work done in SHORTER time period OR
MORE work done in SAME time period
Usain Bolt: 94kg / 9.63 seconds
(94kg × 10) × 100m / 9.63 = 9761 Watts
work (F×D) divided by time!

6. Forms of Energy Chemical energy Kinetic energy Potential energy
Energy is contained in the structure/bond of the atom or molecule
Kinetic energy
Energy an object possesses due to its motion
Potential energy
Energy stored by matter due to its position

7. Chemical Energy 1 Cal = 4184 Joules
Calorie = the energy needed to increase 1 litre of water by 1 degree Celsius at a pressure of 1 atmosphere
1 Cal = 4184 Joules

8. Kinetic Energy

9. Potential Energy