1. Final Review

2. Serology https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xfZhb6lmxjkA B AB O + -
antigen
A and B
none
Rh (D)
antibodies
Anti-B
Anti-A
and
None
Anti-Rh
can give to
A, AB
B, AB
only AB
A, B,
AB, O
only positives
positives or negatives
can get from
A, O
B, O
only O
only negatives

3. after adding antiserum A after adding antiserum B
Serology
Blood Type
after adding antiserum A
after adding antiserum B A
CLOT (+)
NO CLOT (-) B AB

4. Other Blood Cells White Blood Cells- Immune Response
Platelets- Clotting

5. Blood Spatter Type of evidence blood type is- class
What is angle of impact?
Passive vs transfer vs projected blood stain

6. Time of Death—Rigor Mortis
The Rigidity of Death
Without oxygen in the blood—
Calcium accumulates in the muscles
Muscles stiffen
Starts in the head and expands throughout
After about 15 hours—
Muscle fibers begin to dissolve
Softening begins
Forensic Science: Fundamentals & Investigations, Chapter 11

7. Time of Death—Rigor Mortis
Observation
Approx. Time Scale
Peak
Just over 12 hours
No visible signs of rigor
Less than 2 hours
or more than 48 hours ago
Stiffness generally disappears
After 36 hours
Forensic Science: Fundamentals & Investigations, Chapter 11

9. Signs of foul play Insects not normally found at location of body.
Signs of livor mortis on the side of the body facing up.

10. Algor Mortis
Do Now 6/7
What is the difference between rigor and algor mortis.
Rigor mortis is body stiffening while algor mortis is the change in body temperature post mortem.

11. Toxicology Stimulants: cocaine, methamphetamines, speed
Hallucinogens- ecstasy, lsd, pcp
Narcotics- Heroin, oxycodone, opium, methadone

12. Impact on body Stimulants- increase overall nervous system activity
Hallucinogens- Change thoughts and perceptions
Narcotics- relieve pain
Depressants- decrease overall nervous system activity

13. What is the most powerful toxin!!!
Botulinum toxin
Causes botulism

14. Anthropology Does a baby have more or less bones than an adult?
More! Adult around 206, baby around 306

15. Math! Question 1: 22.8 x 3.65 + 80.40 = 163.62 cm Question 2:
150 = unknown x
(150 – 72.57)/2.53 = unknown
Unknown = cm

16. Male
Female
width of pelvic opening
smaller
larger
length of sacrum
longer
shorter
width of sacrum
narrow
wider
sub pubic angle
Less than 90 degrees
More than 90 degrees
shape of pubis
Triangular
Round / square
smoothness of skull
bumpy
smoother
occipital bump
present
absent
brow ridges
heavier
forehead shape
short
Higher / round
shape of the eyes
Square
round
angle of jaw
Around 90 degrees

17. First Serial Killer Do Now 6/10
Who is widely considered the first serial killer?
Jack the Ripper
Final tomorrow and Tuesday (bring #2 pencil)

18. Types of Multiple Killers
Mass Spree Serial
# of victims
# of events
# of locations
Cooling-off period no no yes

19. Common characteristics
Male
Average IQ
20-30 years old
Abused as child
Lower to middle class

20. 2 Technologies for handwriting analysis
Computer Analysis – mathematically analyzes questioned document to get an accurate assessment of characteristics and matches to exemplars.
Biometric Signature Pad – analyzes a person’s pen pressure, pen lifts, speed when signing their name
*Iodine containing pens for counterfeit detection

21. a document that source (author) is known
Exemplar
a document that source (author) is known

22. Analyzed characteristics
Quality
slope
slant
ratio of size
type of writing
placement of diacritics
loop and embellishments
pen lifts