1. Making the Peace

2. Europe after World War

3. Armistice Day November 11, 1918 William II abdicates his throne
Germany signs Armistice

4. President Woodrow Wilson

5. The Fourteen Points
Called for an end to secret treaties, freedom of the seas, free trade, and large scale reductions of arms
Called for self-determination in Eastern Europe and an “association of nations” to resolve conflicts

6. Cost of war
10 Million Dead

7. Cost of war
10 Million Dead

8. Flu Pandemic
50 Million+ killed around world

9. review
What is the name of the day everyone stopped fighting on November 11?
What was President Wilson’s stipulations for peace named?
What were 3 major aspects of Wilson’s stipulations?
How many total died during the war?
Which nation had the worst casualties?
What killed more people than the war itself?

10. The Big Three (and Italy)

11. The Treaty of Versailles
Blamed Germany completely
Payed reparations
$33 Billion ($400+ Billion today)
Stripped Germany of military and colonies
Alsace and Lorraine were given to France

12. Dissatisfaction Self determination in Eastern Europe: Mandate System
Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Austria, Hungary, Yugoslavia
Mandate System
Theory: lifted when Germany was stable
Practice: new colonies for victors

13. Europe after World War

14. Germany: (1) Limited their military (2) forced to pay huge reparations
Discontent
Germany: (1) Limited their military
(2) forced to pay huge reparations
(3)lost a great deal of land

15. Discontent
Japan: Protested Western nations refusal to recognize Japanese claims of land in China

16. Discontent
Russia: Resented the establishment of Poland and other Baltic Nations (Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania)

17. Italy: Did not receive the lands the Allies promised them.
Discontent
Italy: Did not receive the lands the Allies promised them.

18. League of Nations

19. Review Who were the “Big Three”?
What was the name of the treaty that ended WWI?
Who got all the blame for WWI?
Why was Germany angry? Japan? Russia? Italy?
What was the name of the new international peace keeping agency?

20. Russian Revolution

21. Czar Nicholas of Russia
Long term unrest
WWI put major strain on the monarchy

22. Hall of Sessions: Meeting of the Duma: St
Hall of Sessions: Meeting of the Duma: St. Petersburg and Czar Nicholas II

23. Alexandra and Rasputin

24. Nicholas II after his abdication

25. The Russian Revolution and V.I. Lenin
Returns from Exile
Smuggled in by Germans

26. Russian Land given up from the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk

27. Caption: “Comrade Lenin Sweeps the World Clean”

28. Bolshevik party take over of Russian Government
Leon Trotsky
Bolshevik party take over of Russian Government

29. Whites – Counterrevolutionaries Reds - Communists
Red Propaganda: Leon Trotsky killing the “dragon of the counterrevolution”
Whites – Counterrevolutionaries
Reds - Communists

30. Flag of the USSR

31. Former USSR

32. Costly Triumph Emergence of totalitarian state Defeated foes
Cheka
Confiscated all private property

33. Closure Where was the peace conference held for the end of WWI?
What was the name of President Wilson’s demands for the peace treaty?
How much did the Allies make Germany pay?
What is self-determination?
Who was the last czar of Russia?
Who was the individual who helped the czar’s son and was seen as controlling the czar?
Who establishes Communism in Russia?
What are the “Reds” and the “Whites”?