1. Earth’s Natural Vegetation

2. Kinds of vegetation SHAPE Trees Shrubs Herbaceous Mosses Lichens
Aquatic plants
Forbs, herbs
Grasses
Ferns
Epiphytes
Emergent
Floating
Submerged
Algae
自然科学の英語-ENS-L3

3. World Vegetation Zones
In general, you can break the world’s Vegetation zones into 6 major types
Desert
Tundra
Grasslands
Shrubland
Savanna - woodland
Forests
We are going to define these 6

4. Iceage
Greenhouse
自然科学の英語-ENS-L3

5. 1. Deserts Rainfall: < 250 mm Temperature: -5 to >30 oC
Vegetation type: grasses, forbs, shrubs
Types: cold (mountain); hot
Area: 20.5% of earth’s surface

6. 2. Tundra Rainfall: < 1000 mm Temperature: -15 to -5 oC
Vegetation type: mosses, lichens, grasses, shrubs
Types: arctic (N pole); alpine (mountains)
Area: 17% of earth’s surface

7. 3. Grassland Rainfall: 250-600 mm Temperature: 2.5 to 15 oC
Vegetation type: grasses + forbs = pasture
Types: steppe (short); prairie; tropical (tall)
Area: 8.2% of earth’s surface

8. 4. Shrubland Rainfall: 250-600 mm Temperature: 2.5 to 30 oC
Vegetation type: shrubs, grasses, forbs
Types: Mediterranean; temperate; montane; tropical; scrubland (short)
Area: 3% of earth’s surface
2006
自然科学の英語-ENS-L3

9. 5. Savanna Rainfall: 600-1500 mm Temperature: 5 to 30 oC
Vegetation type: trees, shrubs, grasses, forbs
Types: woodland (temperate); tropical
Area: 17% of earth’s surface
2006
自然科学の英語-ENS-L3

10. 6. Forest Rainfall: 600-4500 mm Temperature: > -5 oC
Vegetation: all types
Types: taiga; temperate; subtropical; tropical
evergreen (perennial); deciduous; mangroves
Area: 21% of earth’s surface
2006
自然科学の英語-ENS-L3

11. Agro-ecosystems Ecosystems that produce for human consumption
Area: 11% of earth’s total land area
Two types: cropland (40%); grazing land (rangeland, 60%)

12. Vegetation zone transition
cold
warm
Polar icecap
Tundra
Boreal forest (conifers, mixed)
Temperate forest (deciduous)
Mediterranean forest (evergreen)
Shrubland
Desert
Savanna/grassland
Tropical forest

13. Answer these questions based on pages 24-25 in the Atlas
Define ‘natural vegetation’
What causes large changes in vegetation around the world?
What is the difference between deciduous & coniferous trees?
How is vegetation connected to human life?
What examples does the atlas list of humans activities affecting natural vegetation?
How is vegetation connected to climate? Provide examples

14. Planet Earth- The Great Plains
Season 1, episode 7 (48:52)