1. The Articles to the Constitution
The Development of American Government
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2. End of the Revolution What did the United States win?
The Treaty of Paris 1783 allowed for:
US Independence
Expanded boundaries
Florida to Spain
Fishing rights
All debts would be paid
All property would be returned
British would leave forts and ports
Mississippi navigation freedom
End of the Revolution
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3. Articles of Confederation
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5. Short List of Crises Can’t pay debt Can’t regulate currency
No uniform diplomacy
British intrigues
Spanish intrigues
Barbary pirates
Risk of internal secession (Tenn/VT)
Indian raids
Inflation
No hard money
British market gone
Need unanimous consent to amend Articles
No more common goal = disunity

6. Successes of the Articles
Land Ordinance of 1785
States give up land to Congress
Land owned by Congress and sold to developers
Establishes orderly settlement
Congress makes laws in territories
Northwest Ordinance of 1787
Future states are equal
Public education
No slavery in NW Territory
Successes of the Articles
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7. The Constitution
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8. Constitutional Convention
Shays’ Rebellion
Meet in Philly in to amend Articles
Mostly Federalists
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9. Basic Structure Three branches – separation of powers
First Major Compromise: The Connecticut Compromise, aka Great Compromise
Madison’s Virginia Plan
Patterson’s New Jersey Plan
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12. Slavery Never mentioned by name in Constitution 3 clauses deal with it
“other persons, ”"person held to service or labor,” "such persons as any of the States now existing shall think proper to admit."
3 clauses deal with it
Fugitive Slave Clause
Difficult to enforce – “Liberty Laws”
Importation of Slaves
Only restriction on Congress’ commerce power
3/5 Compromise
Compromises were necessary to retain southern unity
Rutledge of S.C. - “Religion and humanity have nothing to do with this question,” Unless regulation of the slave trade was left to the states, the southern-most states “shall not be parties to the union.”
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13. Ratification
The Federalist Papers and The Bill of Rights
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14. Bill of Rights Antifederalists fear the new Constitution’s powers
Individual protections from the federal government
Adopted by the First Congress
Not fully incorporated until 1970s.
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