1. Nationalism during the “Era of Good Feelings”
Unit 5, Lesson 1

3. The “Era of Good Feelings”
James Monroe was elected president in 1816
Monroe oversaw the “Era of Good Feelings,” a period of nationalism
Nationalism overshadowed sectionalism and the country was more unified
The country developed its own culture (non-European)
The power of the federal government grew
The country’s size and economy expanded

4. Cultural Nationalism
Literature: had AMERICAN settings and AMERICAN themes
Noah Webster: Wrote the “Blue-Backed Speller,” which defined AMERICAN English as different from British
Art: landscape painters celebrated AMERICAN nature
American literature:
Popularity of Romanticism and works of fiction over classical European works
Washington Irving: The Legend of Sleepy Hollow & Rip Van Winkle
James Fennimore Cooper: Last of the Mohicans & Leatherstocking Tales
Transcendentalists: Emerson, Thoreau and Whitman
Nathaniel Hawthorne: Fiction The Scarlet Letter (1850)
Edgar Allen Poe: Poetry and fiction
Herman Melville: Fiction Moby Dick (1851)

5. Political Nationalism
After the Federalists “died out,” only Democratic-Republicans were left
Until 1824, there was only one party, more unity, and willingness to compromise
Parties split and fought again when Andrew Jackson ran for president in 1824

6. Judicial Nationalism John Marshall:
Famous Chief Justice of the Supreme Court
Marshall’s rulings reflected nationalism and strengthened the federal government

7. McCulloch vs Maryland Issue:
The STATE of Maryland tried to tax the Bank of the United States
Ruling:
States cannot interfere with an agency of the FEDERAL government
Significance:
Established the BUS as constitutional
Established the FEDERAL government as supreme over states

8. Gibbons vs Ogden Issue:
The STATE of New York gave a steamboat company license to operate on water between states
Ruling:
The FEDERAL government regulates trade between states
Significance:
Established that the FEDERAL government regulates INTERSTATE COMMERCE (trade)
Expanded FEDERAL control over the NATIONAL economy

9. Judicial Nationalism Overall Effect of Marshall Court:
Increased supremacy of FEDERAL government over states

10. America Buys Florida
Adams-Onis Treaty- Spain agreed to sell Florida to the United States
With minor military presence in Florida, Spain was not able to restrain the Seminole warriors who routinely crossed the border and raided American villages and farms, as well as protected southern slave refugees from slave owners and traders of the southern United States.

11. Monroe Doctrine
America worried that other countries would expand into North and South America
Monroe Doctrine- declared the Americas off-limits to European powers
The Americas were not available for colonization by European nations
The political system of the Americas was completely different from Europe’s
Any interference by Europe in the America’s would be considered a direct threat to US security
US would not interfere with European affairs or existing colonies
The Monroe Doctrine worked not because of American military power, but because of the British navy
The doctrine played a larger role in US/Latin American relations later in US History

12. New Economic Plan
“American System”- Henry Clay’s plan to encourage economic growth as the country expanded westward

13. The “American System” Part 1: 2nd Bank of the U.S.
North favored this and owned most stock in the BUS
South/West distrusted the BUS
 private corporation with public duties, the bank handled all fiscal transactions for the U.S. Government, and was accountable to Congress and the U.S. Treasury. Twenty percent of its capital was owned by the federal government, the bank's single largest stockholder.[7][8] Four thousand private investors held 80% of the bank's capital, including one thousand Europeans. The bulk of the stocks were held by a few hundred wealthy Americans

14. Tariffs Rates Increase
Part 2: Protective Tariffs
Tariffs were higher and designed to PROTECT American businesses from foreign competition
Northern factories thrived under protection, could raise their prices
South and West disliked higher prices for northern products
South and West faced higher tariffs on their exports to other countries

15. Internal Improvements
Part 3:
Tariff revenue would pay for building roads, canals, and railroads
North/West liked this because it helped the two areas trade
South disliked this because they got fewer internal improvements
South felt STATES should pay for improvements, not the FEDERAL government
This would increase trade and help the country expand

16. The “American System”
Helped develop a NATIONAL economy, but benefitted the South the least