1. The Birth of Democracy
The Age of Jackson

2. Era of Good Feelings Period after the War of 1812
No second party so Democratic-Republicans emulate Federalist policy
Growth of Nationalism
Uniquely American literature and art
Judicial nationalism
The American System
Emerging sectionalism over tariffs and other issues

3. John Marshall Chief Justice of Supreme Court (1801-1835)
Marbury v. Madison
McCulloch v. Maryland
Fletcher v. Peck
Gibbons v. Ogden
Erosion of states rights
Aids northern industrial businesses
Enforces a nation-centered federalism

4. Birth of Democratic Politics
Democracy frowned upon by Federalists
Fragmentation of Democratic - Republican party after 1824
Result of the Market Revolution’s changes
Expansion of suffrage for “wage earners”
Changes to voting systems
Creation of a professional, two-party system
Politicians now have to appeal to the masses
need to appear humble and “common”

5. FIGURE 11.1 Race Exclusions for Suffrage: 1790–1855 This graph shows clearly that as more states entered the Union, laws excluding African American men from voting increased. SOURCE:Alexander Keyssar,The Right to Vote (New York:Basic Books,2000)p.56.

6. Pre–Civil War Voter Turnout The turnout of voters in presidential elections more than doubled from 1824 to 1828, the year Andrew Jackson was first elected. Turnout surged to 80 percent in 1840, the year the Whigs triumphed. The extension of suffrage to all white men, and heated competition between two political parties with nationwide membership, turned presidential election campaigns into events with great popular appeal.

7. This well-known painting by George Caleb Bingham, Stump Speaking, shows a group of men (and boys, and dogs) of all social classes brought together by their common interest in politics.
SOURCE:George Caleb Bingham (American 1811 –79),Stump Speaking ,1853 –54 Oil on canvas,42 1 /2 x 58 in.The Saint Louis Art Museum,gift of Bank of America.Photo © The Saint Louis Art Museum..

8. The Burgeoning of Newspapers Newspapers have a long history in the United States. Even before the American Revolution, the colonies boasted 37 newspapers (see Chapter 6), and within little more than a decade, that number had nearly tripled. Toward the end of the century, however, the number of newspapers expanded rapidly, by 1835 numbering more than 30 times that of 1775.

9. The Missouri Compromise
Petition for statehood in 1819, bill passed in 1821

10. Monroe Doctrine New Nationalism in foreign policy
Response to Latin American independence
JQ Adams, Monroe’s Secretary of State, drafts doctrine
Generally ignored by Europe, but forms the backbone of US foreign policy

11. Election of 1824

12. Democratic Party Self-regulating economy
Fear growing gap in social classes
Non-producers using government to increase wealth
Disadvantages for “producing classes”
Limited government and more states rights

13. Election of 1828
Voter turn-out doubled

14. Whig Party
Formed by supporters for Adams and Clay before election of 1832
Afraid of Jackson’s “power grab” for executive control
United behind American System
Strong federal government
Promote prosperity in all classes
Impose morality on the people

15. The Two-Party System
Both parties gained broad-based support and suppressed sectionalism