Presentation is loading. Please wait.

Presentation is loading. Please wait.

Gender Issues in Internet & Technology Use

Published byMerete Haaland Modified over 5 years ago

Similar presentations

Presentation on theme: "Gender Issues in Internet & Technology Use"— Presentation transcript:

1 Gender Issues in Internet & Technology Use
Konrad Morgan Department of Mathematics and Computing Science

2 Purpose of Presentation
Concern at continuing gender imbalance in technology based education and industry Shortfall in skilled computing staff world-wide and especially in the developing regions Scarcity of females in computing can be detected from earliest stages of education Reflects continuing gender imbalance in society Saturday, 21 September 2019Saturday, 21 September 2019 Morgan, SPACS & MACS USP, Gender & IT Talk

3 Individual Difference of Gender
Gender is one of the major individual differences Relatively easy to measure in comparison to other measures such as intelligence Like many other individual differences gender is often sensitive and controversial Saturday, 21 September 2019Saturday, 21 September 2019 Morgan, SPACS & MACS USP, Gender & IT Talk

4 Reported Gender Differences
Superior Visio-spatial skills and physical strength for males Superior mathematical and communication skills for females Saturday, 21 September 2019Saturday, 21 September 2019 Morgan, SPACS & MACS USP, Gender & IT Talk

5 Reported Gender Differences
Some research reports that males have more interest in mathematics While females have greater interest in communication - even when females have received positive discrimination towards maths Saturday, 21 September 2019Saturday, 21 September 2019 Morgan, SPACS & MACS USP, Gender & IT Talk

6 Reasons Proposed for Gender Differences
Genetic Hormonal Brain chemistry Cerebral Lateralisation Social roles Saturday, 21 September 2019Saturday, 21 September 2019 Morgan, SPACS & MACS USP, Gender & IT Talk

7 Male Domination of Computing Industry and Education
Gender ratios biased towards males Thought to be due to social roles and stereotypes Saturday, 21 September 2019Saturday, 21 September 2019 Morgan, SPACS & MACS USP, Gender & IT Talk

8 Male Domination of Computing Industry and Education
Saturday, 21 September 2019Saturday, 21 September 2019 Morgan, SPACS & MACS USP, Gender & IT Talk

9 Male Domination of Computing Industry and Education
Saturday, 21 September 2019Saturday, 21 September 2019 Morgan, SPACS & MACS USP, Gender & IT Talk

10 Comparisons of Gender Based Performance and Attitudes
In some experiments performed by the author (Morgan et al, 1989, 1992, 1994, 1996, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001) we compared computer based performance of hundreds of computer users looking at how individual differences predict computer behaviour We found females made fewer mistakes than males Perhaps this was by being more accurate and careful, but we found evidence that this was also by deviating less from the written task instructions Saturday, 21 September 2019Saturday, 21 September 2019 Morgan, SPACS & MACS USP, Gender & IT Talk

11 Comparisons of Gender Based Performance and Attitudes
The traditional sex stereotypes discussed in the literature review were also found Females were less favourable in their attitudes towards computers, and more concerned about looking silly if they were seen to make a mistake Females were significantly less likely to have received encouragement to use dangerous equipment, and to explore how machines worked in their childhood Saturday, 21 September 2019Saturday, 21 September 2019 Morgan, SPACS & MACS USP, Gender & IT Talk

12 Comparisons of Gender Based Performance and Attitudes
On the negative side, and probably connected to their lack of childhood exposure to machines females were significantly more likely to have been frightened by a machine in their childhood There was some (weak) evidence that females found command line systems easier to use. It is possible that this could have been due to problems derived from the differences in visio-spatial ability of females that has often been reported in the literature Saturday, 21 September 2019Saturday, 21 September 2019 Morgan, SPACS & MACS USP, Gender & IT Talk

13 Gender Differences in Computing Based Performance and Behaviour
When asked to increase performance males also increase their error rates and task speed while females increase task speed but without significantly increasing error rates Males more prone to making more errors under stress and environmental distraction Saturday, 21 September 2019Saturday, 21 September 2019 Morgan, SPACS & MACS USP, Gender & IT Talk

14 Morgan, SPACS & MACS USP, Gender & IT Talk
Computer Games Most users Male Action, Violence and Visio-spatial Focus Sexist Roles Tomb Raider & Laura Croft Females tend to use Computers for more social purposes Saturday, 21 September 2019Saturday, 21 September 2019 Morgan, SPACS & MACS USP, Gender & IT Talk

15 Morgan, SPACS & MACS USP, Gender & IT Talk
Chat Rooms Saturday, 21 September 2019Saturday, 21 September 2019 Morgan, SPACS & MACS USP, Gender & IT Talk

16 Gender Bias in Chat Rooms
Females find communication aspects most interesting Females treated differently in on-line interactions Females attract more on-line attention & qualitatively more satisfying Some males have found adopting female names leads to more satisfying online interactions Saturday, 21 September 2019Saturday, 21 September 2019 Morgan, SPACS & MACS USP, Gender & IT Talk

17 Gender Identities Embedded in Technology
Gender roles and identities embedded into technology Computer interfaces and technology designed by males Analysis of computer dialogues show they support male interaction styles Anyone adopting female interaction styles placed in a weaker position Saturday, 21 September 2019Saturday, 21 September 2019 Morgan, SPACS & MACS USP, Gender & IT Talk

18 Supporting Gender Differences in Modern Environment
Evidence that different aspects of an interface influence males and females differently Important to make technology enhance and empower users of both sexes Saturday, 21 September 2019Saturday, 21 September 2019 Morgan, SPACS & MACS USP, Gender & IT Talk

19 Gender and Technology Attitudes
Studies have shown that there are no differences in the rates of computer anxiety between the sexes Instead it has been reported that computer experience was a much better indicator of the level of computer anxiety Most anxiety was shown by those of both sexes who had less experience of computer systems Students of both sexes who attend good computer courses develop positive attitudes towards computers and technology Saturday, 21 September 2019Saturday, 21 September 2019 Morgan, SPACS & MACS USP, Gender & IT Talk

20 Gender Differences in Degree of Attributed Computer System Animism
Males tend to use more animate descriptions (less mechanical) as they become more experienced, while females tend to show the opposite trend This may result in a significant gender difference in rates of acceptance using such 'animised' systems Some researchers have highlighted the other potential dangers which are inherent when humans start attributing animism to what are inanimate systems Saturday, 21 September 2019Saturday, 21 September 2019 Morgan, SPACS & MACS USP, Gender & IT Talk

21 Self Rated Gender Role Models.
It has been reported that both boys and girls rate computers and video games as being more appropriate for boys. This trend has been reported in children from as early as 5 years The boys rate their liking for the computer more strongly than do girls Saturday, 21 September 2019Saturday, 21 September 2019 Morgan, SPACS & MACS USP, Gender & IT Talk

22 Self Rated Gender Role Models.
Males rated their computer expertise as being higher than those of comparable experienced females In sciences where both sexes are equally represented females out perform males but still self rate their performance as lower than males Saturday, 21 September 2019Saturday, 21 September 2019 Morgan, SPACS & MACS USP, Gender & IT Talk

23 Differential Opportunities Given to the Sexes in Education
Females are under represented in the sciences overall. This is especially bad in the so called 'hard' sciences Research has shown that males receive more of the teacher's attention and more computing time than girls in computer based teaching situations Studies which have looked at entries to computer courses find a significant (3:1 ratio) sex difference favouring males this 3 to 1 difference became larger as the cost and course difficulty increased Some research has shown that while females are less likely to enroll in programming classes, those who do are successful, and make up the majority in groups who are exceptionally talented Saturday, 21 September 2019Saturday, 21 September 2019 Morgan, SPACS & MACS USP, Gender & IT Talk

24 Gender Based Differences in Strategies for Risk Taking
It has been reported that females have different strategies for risk taking, help seeking, and more importantly attributions about success or failure Other research has shown that when the computer based learning strategies of both sexes are compared males tended to adopt the more successful learning strategies spontaneously Many researchers believe these differences can be explained by the gender roles which are often enforced upon girls by their teachers and career advisors in secondary education Saturday, 21 September 2019Saturday, 21 September 2019 Morgan, SPACS & MACS USP, Gender & IT Talk

25 Cultural Effects on Gender Roles
Large body of evidence that social and cultural effects play a very large role. Researchers who survey the sex roles portrayed in the mass media find that males are portrayed as being the predominant and dominant users There are also the factors of male harassment of females who work in traditional male occupations Saturday, 21 September 2019Saturday, 21 September 2019 Morgan, SPACS & MACS USP, Gender & IT Talk

26 Morgan, SPACS & MACS USP, Gender & IT Talk
Conclusions. Our own exploratory findings appear to show some evidence of gender differences in early experiences with machines These differences appear to have existed both at home and at school, and to have continued throughout the formative years of our subject population Saturday, 21 September 2019Saturday, 21 September 2019 Morgan, SPACS & MACS USP, Gender & IT Talk

27 Morgan, SPACS & MACS USP, Gender & IT Talk
Conclusions. It does not seem unwarranted to postulate that these influences had an effect on the subjects attitudes as users and potential users of computer systems A large part of these apparent gender differences are probably due to environmental role models enforced upon children by their teachers, parents and peers? If this is indeed the case it is only by removing these restrictive role models from our society that we can truly begin to resolve the problems outlined in the introduction of this paper Saturday, 21 September 2019Saturday, 21 September 2019 Morgan, SPACS & MACS USP, Gender & IT Talk

28 Morgan, SPACS & MACS USP, Gender & IT Talk
Summary Gender is just one of many individual differences Other examples are age, intelligence & culture These differences all interact with each other Trying to address one alone is probably unrealistic Most recent research may suggest positive discrimination does not provide a long term answer Rather than trying to correct technology based gender imbalance try and correct gender imbalance present in society as a whole Saturday, 21 September 2019Saturday, 21 September 2019 Morgan, SPACS & MACS USP, Gender & IT Talk

Download ppt "Gender Issues in Internet & Technology Use"

Similar presentations

Gender & Education. Gender differences in attainment In the past, boys used to achieve far more in education than girls In the past, boys used to achieve.

Gender & Education. Gender differences in attainment In the past, boys used to achieve far more in education than girls In the past, boys used to achieve.
Gender and Educational Attainment in Schools Stephen Machin and Sandra McNally.

Gender and Educational Attainment in Schools Stephen Machin and Sandra McNally.
ENG 101 MOCK EXAM ANSWERS. PART ONE – LISTENING & NOTE-TAKING Listening Task 1 - (5 x 3pts = 15pts) 1. What do people say about test scores? (part A)

ENG 101 MOCK EXAM ANSWERS. PART ONE – LISTENING & NOTE-TAKING Listening Task 1 - (5 x 3pts = 15pts) 1. What do people say about test scores? (part A)
Increasing computer science popularity and gender diversity through the use of games and contextualized learning By Mikha Zeffertt Supervised by Mici Halse.

Increasing computer science popularity and gender diversity through the use of games and contextualized learning By Mikha Zeffertt Supervised by Mici Halse.
Girls, Women and Mathematics in Spain A gender study on teaching, learning and research in Mathematics Sara Silvestre and Mario Barajas University of Barcelona.

Girls, Women and Mathematics in Spain A gender study on teaching, learning and research in Mathematics Sara Silvestre and Mario Barajas University of Barcelona.
Boys’ Education and Brain Research PAPER PRESENTED AT JAMAICA TEACHERS ASSOCIATION CONFERENCE ON BRAIN BASED EDUCATION APRIL 9 2015 ROSEHALL HILTON CHRISTOPHER.

Boys’ Education and Brain Research PAPER PRESENTED AT JAMAICA TEACHERS ASSOCIATION CONFERENCE ON BRAIN BASED EDUCATION APRIL ROSEHALL HILTON CHRISTOPHER.
Implication of Gender and Perception of Self- Competence on Educational Aspiration among Graduates in Taiwan Wan-Chen Hsu and Chia- Hsun Chiang Presenter.

Implication of Gender and Perception of Self- Competence on Educational Aspiration among Graduates in Taiwan Wan-Chen Hsu and Chia- Hsun Chiang Presenter.
UNDERSTANDING GENDER 1.GENDER FORMATION –developing a sense of who you are as boys or girls through everyday interactions with family, friends, media,

UNDERSTANDING GENDER 1.GENDER FORMATION –developing a sense of who you are as boys or girls through everyday interactions with family, friends, media,
Chapter VII: Gender and Development

Chapter VII: Gender and Development
Figure 3. The average interest of males and females pursuing a science career comparing pre-adolescence and adolescence. Averages were not significantly.

Figure 3. The average interest of males and females pursuing a science career comparing pre-adolescence and adolescence. Averages were not significantly.
Chapter Four.  Sex and Gender are two different things  Sex is  a biological designation  Gender is  Social psychological behavior.

Chapter Four.  Sex and Gender are two different things  Sex is  a biological designation  Gender is  Social psychological behavior.
Gender, Technology & Higher Education Nov 6 th, 2006.

Gender, Technology & Higher Education Nov 6 th, 2006.
How can we draw more women to physics 1.  Some statistics from ATLAS and CERN  Easy things to do to improve the situation 2.

How can we draw more women to physics 1.  Some statistics from ATLAS and CERN  Easy things to do to improve the situation 2.
Psychosocial Development In Early Childhood

Psychosocial Development In Early Childhood
List differences between women and men and consider:

List differences between women and men and consider:
Unit 2 Chapter 4, Section 4 Gender Roles and Differences Mr. Young Psychology.

Unit 2 Chapter 4, Section 4 Gender Roles and Differences Mr. Young Psychology.
InWEnt Regional Alumni Conference-Alexandria 2008 Women Leadership Networking Building Generations of Women Leaders Fatmeh Saqer Education Specialist,

InWEnt Regional Alumni Conference-Alexandria 2008 Women Leadership Networking Building Generations of Women Leaders Fatmeh Saqer Education Specialist,
Empowering gifted girls to reach their potential PENNSYLVANIA ASSOCIATION FOR GIFTED EDUCATION MAY, 1, 2015 GAIL POST, PH.D. LICENSED PSYCHOLOGIST.

Empowering gifted girls to reach their potential PENNSYLVANIA ASSOCIATION FOR GIFTED EDUCATION MAY, 1, 2015 GAIL POST, PH.D. LICENSED PSYCHOLOGIST.
Family  Human beings, especially family members, constitute an important part of a persons social environment.  Children are active participants, influencing.

Family  Human beings, especially family members, constitute an important part of a persons social environment.  Children are active participants, influencing.
McGraw-Hill © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Slide 1 SOCIOLOGY Richard T. Schaefer Socialization 4.

McGraw-Hill © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Slide 1 SOCIOLOGY Richard T. Schaefer Socialization 4.

Similar presentations

Ads by Google