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Lecture 14 Slides rh.

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1 Lecture 14 Slides rh

2 Glycogen: the glucose buffer…

3 Glycogen granules ~ 1600 glucose monomers per granule

4 fig 7-14

5 Glycogen in real life…

6 How is glycogen synthesized?
-sequential addition of glucose to a growing a1-4 linked linear polymer glycogenin, then glycogen synthase -creation of branches composed of a1-6 linkages branching enzyme

7 Glucose ends… O 1 2 3 4 5 6 non- reducing end reducing end

8 polymer ends… fig 7-14

9 pg 597

10 addition of UDP carrier to glucose-1-P
fig 15-29

11 addition of glucose monomers to the growing glycogen chain
fig 15-30

12 Glycogen branching enzyme creates branches
fig 15-31

13 Glycogen branching enzyme creates branches
10 a1 4 3 7 a1 6 fig 15-9

14 How is glycogen broken down?
-sequential removal of glucose-1P from the non-reducing end glycogen phosphorylase -dismantling of those pesky branches debranching enzyme

15 fig 14-11

16 debranching enzyme removes branches fig 15-26

17 7 4 7 1 Debranching enzyme removes branches a1 4 a1 6 a1 4 a1 4 a1 6
free glucose 4 a1 6 a1 4 7 a1 4 1 a1 6 transferase activity a1-6 glucosidase

18 Allosteric control of glycogen phosphorylase
fig 15-36

19 Hormonal control of glycogen phosphorylase
fig 15-34

20 regulation of glycogen synthase by phos- phorylation as well… fig 15-37

21 Liver glucose metabolism fig 23-13

22 Blood glucose level is critical and stringently regulated fig 23-23

23 The Cori cycle fig 23-20

24 Liver as a "glucostat" low blood glucose high blood glucose

25 Glucagon: the hormone of starvation
phosphorylation of enzymes alteration of fructose 2,6 bis P

26 Insulin: the hormone of plenty

27

28 fig 23-24

29 b cell glucose sensing: an ATP gated channel


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