1. Vocabulary Review
Ch 41 - Reptiles

2. One of a varied group of mostly extinct reptiles that lived from about 235 million years ago to about 66 million years ago
Dinosaur

3. Asteroid impact hypothesis
An explanation for the mass extinction of most of the dinosaurs; holds that a giant asteroid struck Earth and caused catastrophic climate change about 66 million years ago
Asteroid impact hypothesis

4. A type of egg that is produced by reptiles, birds, and egg-laying mammals and that contains a large amount of yolk; usually surrounded by a leathery or hard shell within which the embryo and its embryonic membranes develop
Amniotic egg

5. In mammals, birds, and reptiles, the membrane that contains a developing embryo and its surrounding fluid
Amnion

6. The membrane that is attached to a vertebrate embryo and that encloses the yolk and thus stores energy reserves for the developing embryo
Yolk sac

7. A membranous sac that acts as an organ of respiration and nutrition for the embryo; in humans, its blood vessels become the blood vessels of the umbilical cord
Allantois

8. The outer membrane that surrounds an embryo
Chorion

9. The white of an egg, composed primarily of the protein albumin
Albumen

10. A hard protein that forms hair, bird feathers, nails, and horns
Keratin

11. A thick wall between the right and left chambers of the heart
Septum

12. Any of the tiny air cells of the lungs where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged
Alveolus

13. An olfactory sac that opens into the mouth and is highly developed in reptiles
Jacobson’s organ

14. The processes by which the body regulates its internal temperature
Thermoregulation

15. An organism that needs sources of heat outside of itself
Ectotherm

16. In egg-laying amniotes, a reproductive method in which the female’s reproductive tract encloses each egg in a tough, protective shell
Oviparity

17. In amniotes, a reproductive method wherein shelled eggs are produced, develop, and sometimes hatch inside the body of the mother
Ovoviviparity

18. In amniotes, a reproductive method in which eggs that lack shells are produced and develop inside the body of the mother, who then gives birth to the offspring
Viviparity

19. The structure that attaches a developing fetus to the uterus and that enables the exchange of nutrients, wastes, and gases between the mother and the fetus
Placenta

20. A shield-like plate that covers the cephalothorax of some crustaceans and reptiles
Carapace

21. The bottom, or ventral, portion of a turtle’s shell
Plastron

22. The ability of an organism to drop a body part and, usually, to regenerate a new one
Autotomy

23. A snake that kills its prey by crushing and suffocating it
Constrictor

24. A venomous snake that has two small, fixed fangs in the front of the mouth
Elapid

25. A venomous snake that has two large, mobile fangs at the front of the mouth
Viper