1. Vocative Case Ablative of Place From Which Latin I March 10-14, 2014
Lesson 13
Vocative Case
Ablative of Place From Which
Latin I
March 10-14, 2014

2. Today’s Schedule Review Perfect Tense
Learn Vocatives and Ablatives of Place From Which
Perfect Tense review worksheet, check flashcards, recite numbers

3. Let’s Review! PERFECT TENSE: past action completed
Drop the –i from the 3rd principal part to find the verb stem
Add the perfect endings!

4. Finding the Perfect Stem
Find the third principal part of the verb.
doceo
docere
docui
doctus
The perfect stem is the third principal part – i.
docui
- i =
docu-

5. Perfect Tense docu imus docu i docu istis docu isti erunt docu it docu
We taught We have taught We did teach
I taught I have taught I did teach
First Person
docu
imus
docu i
You taught You have taught You did teach
You taught You have taught You did teach
Second
Person
docu
istis
docu
isti
They taught They have taught They did teach
erunt
He taught He has taught He did teach
Third Person
docu it
docu

6. terreo, terrere, terrui, territus
Perfect Tense
terreo, terrere, terrui, territus
We scared We have scared We did scare
I scared I have scared I did scare
First Person
terru
imus
terru i
You scared You have scared You did scare
You scared You have scared You did scare
Second
Person
terru
istis
terru
isti
They scared They have scared They did scare
erunt
He scared He has scared He did scare
Third Person
terru it
terru

7. Vocative Case (Lesson 13)
In Latin, the vocative case is used to address people directly or to get their attention.
Charles, come here!
Emily, you’re the best sister anyone could have!
Leave me alone, creep!

8. Vocative Case
The name “vocative” case comes from the Latin word “voco”: “to call.”
The vocative is set apart by commas in English.
It’s often used with the imperative (command) verbs.

9. How To Make a Vocative
Most Latin words use the nominative ending for their vocative form, too. Yay! No new endings!
What is it, mother?
Quid est, mater?
Carry the water, my daughter.
Porta aquam, mea filia.
But… there are exceptions!

10. How To Make a Vocative
Words that end in –us make their singular vocative by changing the –us to –e.
Carry the water, Marcus!
Porta aquam, Marce!
Hurry, friend!
Festina, amice!

11. How To Make a Vocative
Words that end in –ius make their singular vocative by changing the –ius to –i.
Free the captives, Lucius!
Libera captivos, Luci!
Hurry, son! (filius)
Festina, fili!

12. What To Take Away From the Lesson!
Vocatives are used to address someone directly.
The only words that use special endings are –us and –ius singular words.
-us = -e -ius = -i
All other words just use their nominative endings.

13. Making Vocatives! Quintus agricolae Cornelia Tullius Anna Marcus
amicus
servus
Quinte
agricolae
Cornelia
Tulli
Anna
Marce
amice
serve

14. Ablative of Place From Which
You have 3 prepositions in your vocabulary list this week that all mean “from.”
a, ab: away from (the outside)
de: down from, from, about, concerning
ē, ex: out from (the inside), from, out of
*“a” and “ē” are used
before words that begin
with consonants

15. Ablative of Place From Which
All 3 prepositions are followed by a noun in the ablative case. Remember that ablative case endings are:
-ā, -o, -e (singular)
-is, -ibus (plural)
Remember:
There are lots
of ABlative uses!

16. Translating Ablative Phrases
ex aquā
ā casā
ā casis
de Italiā
de equo
de equis
de gloriā
āb arbore
ex arboribus
out of the water
away from the house
away from the houses
from Italy
down from the horse
down from the horses
about glory
away from the tree
out of the trees