1. Writing an Outline to Organize the Literature Review Track Summer Institute Saturday, July 13th 10: :30 a.m.
Gina L. Peyton, Ed.D. Associate Professor
David B. Ross, Ed.D. Professor
Rande Matteson, Ph.D. Adjunct Faculty/Dissertation Chair
Nova Southeastern University

2. Brief Disclaimer
We will be reviewing a brief style for your dissertation
Numerous faculty philosophies
Teaching styles
Courses, dissertation chair, and dissertation committee member
Various writing styles
Only APA 6th edition format
Different philosophies of hiring an editor
Be careful Do your homework

3. . . . Very simple . . . Save it in numerous areas
Saving Your Work by date, time stamp, , ADRIANA, save edited ones but not overwrite it, writing process, create separate docs for sections to go back to.
. . . Very simple Save it in numerous areas

4. Literature Reviews Provides framework for the proposed study
Demonstrates why it is significant and appropriate
Clarify the connection between proposed study and previously conducted work on the topic
Your study is distinctive yet different from previous research
Adopt a critical viewpoint in researching other resources
Develop a theme and then cite the work

5. The Purpose of Literature Review
Show why your research needs to be carried out (justification).
Show how you choose to work with specific methodologies or theories.
Show how your work adds to the research already carried out.
Ultimately, the purpose of the literature review is to exhaust the literature sources (especially methods and findings) the student reviewed in order to understand and investigate his/her research problem.

6. General Chapter 2 Headings
Chapter 2: Literature Review
Introduction
Theoretical Framework
Professional Development
Varied Approaches
Evaluation
Transfer of Knowledge
Professionalism
Conclusion
Research Questions

7. Outlining a Literature Review via Level Headings
The following are actual Chapter 2 Level 2 headings from many Table of Contents. Let us review them and determine if you know the topic.

12. Three Main Sections of the Literature Review
Introduction
Body
Conclusion

13. 1. Introduction to the Literature Review
An Introduction is the overall “outline” of what the researcher covered in the literature review. This section of Chapter 2 should include:
The general topic, issue, or area of concern;
Provide appropriate context of the study; and
Identify overall trends in published work on the topic:
conflicts in theory, methodology, evidence, and conclusions;
gaps in research and scholarship; and
a single problem or new perspective of immediate interest.

14. 1. Introduction to the Literature Review (cont.)
establish your reason for reviewing this literature;
explain the criteria to be used in analyzing and comparing literature; and
state why certain literature is or is not included.

15. 2. Body of Literature Review
It should follow the “outline” you initially provided in the Introduction.
Group research studies and other types of literature according to common traits or characteristics such as:
qualitative versus quantitative approaches,
conclusions of authors,
specific purpose or objective,
order of events, studies, etcetera.

16. 2. Body of Literature Review (cont.)
Summarize individual studies or articles (as much or little detail as merits according to its importance in the literature:
Remember that space (length) indicates significance,
How do you know? Provide frequency and authors, and
Different philosophy of back-to-back sentences that flow well.

17. 2. Body of Literature Review (cont.)
Provide reader with strong opening sentences at beginning of paragraphs.
Provide supporting sentences throughout (including statistical results).
Provide summary sentences at intermediate points in the review to aid in understanding comparisons and analyses.

18. 3. Conclusion of the Literature Review
Summarize major contributions of significant studies and articles and maintain focus initially established in the Introduction.
Evaluate current literature reviewed:
point out major methodological flaws or gaps in research,
point out inconsistencies in theory and findings, and
point out areas or issues pertinent to future study.
Conclude by providing some insight into the relationship between your central topic of the literature review and a larger area of study such as a discipline, a scientific endeavor, or a profession.

19. Sample Outline (refer to handout)
Topic: Improving job satisfaction for teachers who work with special education students by implementing a peer collaboration program.
I. Introduction (you are telling the reader the organization of your literature review)
Establish importance of job satisfaction (and results of dissatisfaction)
Causes for Job Dissatisfaction
Proven Interventions
Gaps in the Literature
Summary
II. The Importance of Job Satisfaction

20. Theoretical & Conceptual Frameworks are included in your Literature Review
Focuses on time tested theories that embody the findings of numerous investigations 
Provides a general representation of relationships between things in a given phenomenon
Specifies the theory used as a basis for the study
Mentions the theorists: historical & current
Cites the main points emphasized in the theory
A theoretical framework is based on theory
The term conceptual framework crosses many large and small theories
See examples in following slides . . .

21. Focuses on time tested theories that embody the findings of numerous investigations
This study is grounded is in three substantive theories including Maslow’s (1943) hierarchy of needs theory, Locke’s (1976) job satisfaction affect theory, and Herzberg’s (1959) motivation-hygiene theory. It also examines the first research on organizational climate through Haplin and Croft’s (1963) Organizational Climate Description Questionnaire (OCDQ).
Otto Rank, an Austrian psychoanalyst’s 1911 publication wrote the first psychoanalytic paper that dealt with narcissism and associated it to vanity and self- admiration (Millon et al., 2004).

22. Focuses on time tested theories that embody the findings of numerous investigations 
Schmitt and Chan (1998) noted that the Traditional Personnel Selection Research Paradigm model, which recognizes successful job performance, is grounded on the knowledge, skills, abilities, and other characteristics that workers possess and demonstrate in their jobs.
John Creswell (2013) explained that in social constructivism, to understand the participant's historical and cultural settings, researchers address the processes of interaction among individuals and focus on the particular contexts in which people live and work.

23. Scholarly Resources Written or edited by a scholar
Articles in a journal published by a college or university
Articles in a journal published by a scholarly group
Peer reviewed or published in a scholarly source
Recognized academic publishers or university presses
Sources are cited and listed references
Documented research claims
Conclusions based on evidence provided
The length of the source and higher level language

24. NOT a Scholarly Source No author or no publisher listed Not magazines
Not newspapers
Textbook written for classroom use as it is a teaching tool
Classical works
Has no review process; material meant for a wider audience
Wikipedia
Lots of pictures

25. Professors’ contact information Department of Higher Education Leadership and Instructional Technology
Dr. Gina L. Peyton
Associate Professor
Dr. Rande Matteson
Adjunct Faculty/Dissertation Chair
Dr. David B. Ross
Professor