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Activity 2: Research Question Milestone
Research teams Use your problem area paragraph as a guide Draft up your specific research question (1-3 sentences) Specific question i.e., Is X graphic interface transferable to an audio solution for the visually impaired? Define your terms i.e., improve, impact, engage, efficient, etc. 10 minutes Feasible Interesting Novel Ethical Relevant I am not sure they will have their problem area paragraphs completed at this point. Is there another activity for them? I think this will be good for next week If you say “Improve”, what does that mean? Time? Stress levels? Energy costs?
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Week 5: Literature Reviews and Methodologies
Craft of Research Week 5: Literature Reviews and Methodologies
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Outline Milestone updates from each team Literature reviews Methods
Upcoming Reminders
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How are your milestones progressing?
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IMRD Structure What is this?
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IMRD Structure Introduction/Literature Review Methods Results
Discussion/Conclusion
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Literature Review Section
What is this?
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BEFORE Writing a Literature Review
Consider the following questions: Why is this problem important? How does the study relate to previous work in the area? What are the primary and secondary hypotheses and objectives of the study? How do the hypotheses and research design relate to one another? What are the theoretical and practical implications of the study?
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Literature Review Key Objectives
Gain and maintain readers’ attention Demonstrate knowledge on topic Claim the relevance of your chosen topic Identify an area that needs to be addressed by research (gap in knowledge) Introduce present research
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Basic Organization of Literature Reviews
General Background (1 to 2 paragraphs) Addressing Specific Area (3+ paragraphs) Purpose of Current Research (1 to 2 paragraphs) introducing/announcing present research Presenting research questions/hypotheses Clarifying relevant definitions Summarizing methods Announcing principle anticipated outcomes Stating the value of the present research Outlining the structure of the paper ***these basic sections may be integrated together; They are not mutually exclusive Culminates to current research questions/aims/hypotheses
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Literature Review Content
Establishing a Territory Identifying a Niche Addressing the Niche Claiming centrality Indicating a gap Introducing/announcing present research descriptively or purposefully General background Highlighting a problem Reviewing previous research Raising general questions Presenting research questions/hypotheses Proposing general hypotheses Clarifying definitions Presenting justification Summarizing methods Announcing principal outcomes Stating value of present research Outlining structure of the paper
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Tips for Writing Literature Reviews
Tense: Past Length: It depends Number of sources: Depends on length (~20 on average) Create a Literature Table in excel to keep track of information See template on CoR website
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Example of Literature Table
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Methodology Section What is this?
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Methodology Key Objectives
Describe how data were obtained Explain how concepts and variables were used Inform on the techniques utilized to gain the results
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Basic Organization of Methodology Section
Contextualizing Study Methods Describing the Study Analyzing the Data Contextualizing Methods Referencing previous works Providing general information Identifying the methodlogical approach Describing the setting Introducing the subjects/participants Rationalizing pre-experiment decisions B. Describing the Study Aquiring/describing data Identifying variables Describing experimental/study procedures Describing tools/instruments/materials/equipment Rationalizing experiment decisions Reporting incrementals C. Analyzing the Data Preparing the data Describing the data analysis Establishing credibility
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Methodology Section Content
Contextualizing Study Methods Describing the Study Analyzing the Data Acquiring/describing data Preparing the data Referencing previous works Identifying variables Describing the data analysis Providing general information Describing experimental/study procedures Establishing credibility Identifying the methodological approach Describing tools, instruments, materials/equipment Describing the setting Introducing the subjects/participants Rationalizing experiment decisions Rationalizing pre-experiment decisions Reporting incrementals Contextualizing Methods Referencing previous works Providing general information Identifying the methodlogical approach Describing the setting Introducing the subjects/participants Rationalizing pre-experiment decisions B. Describing the Study Acquiring/describing data Identifying variables Describing experimental/study procedures Describing tools/instruments/materials/equipment Rationalizing experiment decisions Reporting incrementals C. Analyzing the Data Preparing the data Describing the data analysis Establishing credibility
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Tips for Writing Methodology Sections
Tense: Past Length: It depends Number of sources: It depends on your methods This will likely be the easiest section to write
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Activity 1: Methods Structure
Research teams: choose an article assigned to you for reading Look through the Methods section and outline the structure by headings and subheadings Identify and discuss the content inside…does it meet your expectations? Why? Identify the sections: Study Methods, Describing the Study, & Analyzing the Data Write your outline on the whiteboard for comparison with the other teams Main Header Sub-header A Sub-header B Sub-header C
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Upcoming Milestones 1) Literature Review 2) Methods
Consult with your PI/grad student(s) on their expectations i.e., length, content, organization, etc. Use today’s info as a strong guide for your content and organization
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Upcoming Week 6 Week 7 Results Discussion/Conclusion
Creating a Research Poster
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Reminders
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