1. USH 14
AMERICA’S EVOLVING RELATIONSHIPS WITH THE WORLD AT THE TURN OF THE 20TH CENTURY

2. SSUSH14 Explain America’s evolving relationship with the world at the turn of the twentieth century.
a. Describe how the Spanish-American War, war in the Philippines, and territorial expansion led to the debate over American imperialism. b. Examine U.S. involvement in Latin America, as reflected by the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine and the creation of the Panama Canal.

3. America is growing….
1. New markets 2. New territories 3. Growing the Navy

4. What is IMPERIALISM?
The policy of extending the rule or authority of a nation over foreign countries, or of acquiring and holding colonies or territories

5. What is a territory?
An organized division of a country that is not yet admitted to the full rights of a state.
Puerto Rico- 1900
Virgin Islands- 1936
Guam- 1950
Northern Marianas Islands- 1978

6. America acquires Alaska from Russia in 1867

7. The Spanish-American War
1898- U.S. vs. Spain
Ended Spanish colonial rule in the Americas
U.S. acquired territories in the Pacific and Latin America.

9. The Spanish American War
Cuba was a Spanish colony that made a lot of $ for Spain with its sugar cane plantation.
The U.S. invested a lot of $$$ in mines, railroads and sugarcane plantations in Cuba

10. The Spanish American War
Cuba declared independence and Spain sent troops to Cuba to put down the rebellion
The U.S. sent the battleship Maine to Cuba to protect American interests in Cuba

11. The Maine exploded in Havana Harbor (Who did it
The Maine exploded in Havana Harbor (Who did it?) killing 250 officers and men
“Remember the Maine” became a battle cry
for Americans
Yellow Journalist wrote articles about Spanish
aggression and brutality. America was ready for
intervention
*The U.S. Congress
Declared Cuba was an independent Nation
Demanded that Spain withdraw from Cuba
Authorized the use of force if necessary

12. The Spanish American War
The war began in the Pacific and was fought in the Pacific and the Atlantic Oceans
The U.S. had a 2 ocean navy (Pacific and Atlantic fleet)
Fighting took place in
The Philippines ( a Spanish colony)
Cuba (a Spanish Colony)
Guam (a Spanish Colony)

13. Only 385 U.S. soldiers died in the war
9th and 10th African American Calvary
Teddy Roosevelt’s all volunteer Rough Riders

14. The Treaty of Paris ended the Spanish American War on December 10, 1898
Spain grants Cuba independence
Puerto Rico and Guam were now U.S. territories
The U.S. paid $20 million for the Philippines

15. The Philippines War- 1899 to 1902
The Philippines had wanted freedom from Spain
They wanted the U.S. to give it to them
The U.S. made the Philippines a territory to stabilize it
This angered the rebels and the U.S. had to fight the Philippine- American War which was an American victory.
The U.S. eventually gave the Philippines it independence in 1946

16. Hawaii becomes part of America
Americans influenced Hawaii in the mid 19th century – (businesses)
In 1840 a Constitutional Monarchy was created limiting the monarchy in Hawaii
In 1887 the U.S. established a naval base at Pearl Harbor
Queen Liliuokalani ascended the throne (the sister of the king) and tried to throw out the current constitution and return the old constitution to Hawaii

17.
Coup against Queen Liliuokalani led by Sanford Dole and backed by the U.S. military
Congress eventually annexed Hawaii and it became the 50th state in 1959

18. Debate in the U.S. about American Expansionism
Pro Imperialism and Expansionism
Anti Imperialism and Expansionism
Important for trade, power, and defense (military bases and ports)
Opposed annexation because they said it was the opposite of America’s principles.

19. The Panama Canal
The Panama Canal is a man made waterway that connects the Atlantic and the Pacific Ocean
1st attempted by the French- failure.
Panama was part of Columbia, but wanted to separate
Theodore Roosevelt sent U.S. troops to help Panama win their independence
The U.S. took over construction of the Panama Canal in 1901/ construction began in 1904

25. https://www. youtube. com/watch. v=Pv0upmpPw3c https://www. youtube

26. Why did the United States want the Panama Canal
To shorten the sailing time between the east and west coast
For national defense by insuring faster movement of U.S. naval assets from one ocean to another
The United States needed to protect its new holdings in the Pacific.

27. Theodore Roosevelt

28. Teddy Roosevelt is the Conservationist President
He was the Secretary of the Navy, but resigned to lead the all volunteer Rough Riders in Cuba during the Spanish American War
He became a war hero
He was the VP to President McKinley who was assassinated
He was a Progressive President with his “SQUARE DEAL”- he went after Trusts, Consumer protection, Conservation efforts including the creation of the National Parks Service and many national monuments.
The Grand Canyon was declared a National Monument.
"We have fallen heirs to the most glorious heritage a people ever received, and each one must do his part if we wish to show that the nation is worthy of its good fortune." - Theodore Roosevelt

29.
He was a Progressive President with his “SQUARE DEAL”- he went after Trusts, Consumer protection, Conservation efforts including the creation of the National Parks Service and many national monuments.
The Grand Canyon was declared a National Monument.

30. American involvement in Latin America
In 1902 Great Britain and Germany threatened to invade Venezuela because the nation was not paying loans back to the 2 countries. Roosevelt did not want European presence in Latin America
He reminded the European countries about the Monroe Doctrine of
In 1904, Roosevelt stated that the Europeans were not welcome in the region
(Europe wanted to get involved again in Latin America. The U.S reminded them of the Monroe doctrine and told them to stay out, they would take care of it)

31. Roosevelt Corollary
This was known as Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine (usually shortened to the Roosevelt Corollary
The U.S. might intervene in the affairs of an American republic threatened with seizure or intervention by a European country.