1. C2: Engaging in Science Processes
What kinds of things do scientists do as they engage in their work?
Question!
Research/Collect information!
Observe!
Hypothesize/Predict/Infer!
Test/Experiment!
Collect/Analyze Data!
Conclude!
MANY OTHERS!!!

2. C3: Engaging in Inquiry—Designing & Conducting Experiments
Science solves problems in 2 ways:
By a process called the SCIENTIFIC METHOD
By luck, serendipity, a “hunch”, etc.
When using the scientific process (Scientific Method), experiments must be performed according to specific RULES
Following these rules allows the scientists to be confident that the evidence/results found clearly SUPPORTS or DOES NOT SUPPORT the hypothesis

3. The Scientific Method: A Systematic way of Problem Solving
To remember the scientific method
REMEMBER THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE:
Paul = PROBLEM (in the form of a question)
Ran = RESEARCH (observe, read, learn about the problem)
Home = HYPOTHESIS (make an educated guess based on the research)
To = TEST by doing an experiement
Drink = DATA (collect and analyze data)
Cool = CONCLUSION (was your hypothesis right or not?)
Rootbeer = REPEAT (repeat the experiment to be sure of your results)

4. THE RULES (of experimentation):
There must be 2 set-ups:
1 will be the “experimental set-up”
1 will be the “control set-up”
Everything EXCEPT for the factor being tested (“variable”) must be EXACTLY THE SAME (“constant”)!
This allows scientists to be confident that whatever results are produced are produced BECAUSE OF THE VARIABLE

5. Ex. ) Experiment in your text…p. A18-A24 (Freezing points of fresh vs
Ex.) Experiment in your text…p. A18-A24 (Freezing points of fresh vs. salt water)
Using the textbook example…
1) State the problem (always in the form of a question!)
2) State the hypothesis
Now examine the experiment… (use picture on p. A21 to help!)
3) Name 4 “constants” within the experiment (things that are the same for both the experimental set-up AND the control set-up)
4) Name the variable (the ONE factor being tested; the ONLY thing that is different between the experimental set-up AND the control set-up)

6. SUMMARIZE!
Using what you have learned, tell why it is important to only have ONE VARIABLE in the experiment.

7. Using the Laboratory Investigation in your text p. A34………..
1) State the problem (always in the form of a question!)
2) MAKE a hypothesis
3) Name the ONE VARIABLE
4) Name at least 3 CONSTANTS
5) When/How would you observe & collect data on this experiment? (How often will you observe? How will you measure?)

8. DESIGNING AN EXPERIMENT: Problem Solving p. A25 (turtle eggs)
Now that we’ve learned a little bit about the rules of experimentation…let’s try planning an experiment on our own!
PROBLEM: Does the temperature (variable) of turtle eggs affect whether the eggs become male or female?
HYPOTHESIS: Turtle eggs develop into male turtles in cold temperatures and into female turtles in warm temperatures.
Design a simple experiment to show if the hypothesis is or is not correct. Make sure your experiment has an experimental setup AND a control setup!

9. MY Turtle Egg EXPERIMENT:
1) “Variable” being tested
2) “Constants” between experimental set-up & control set-up
Name at least 2!
3) How/When are you going to collect your data?
4) How will you measure?

10. Summarize:
3 – Tell 3 steps in the scientific method 2 – Tell 2 important rules you learned about setting up an experiment 1- Tell 1 thing you are confused about or would like to review again