1. Stabilized Approaches and Go-Arounds
Prof. H. Paul Shuch, Ph.D., CFII, DPE
LSRM-A/GL/WSC/PPC, iRMT Heavy
Chief Flight Instructor, Director of Maintenance
AvSport of Lock Haven
FAA Safety Team Lead Representative
Piper Memorial Airport, Lock Haven PA

2. An FAA Safety Team WINGS Award Webinar

3. Brought to you by: Experimental Aircraft Association
Aircraft Spruce and Specialty Company
AvSport of Lock Haven
Your FAA Safety Team

4. OVERVIEW:
Statistics show that 47% of all General Aviation accidents, and 40% of fatalities, occur during the final approach and landing phases of flight. In this FAA Safety Team WINGS Award webinar, Prof. Shuch discusses the two best tools to avoid such accidents: stabilized approaches, and properly executed go-arounds. Tune in now, to learn how to prevent landing accidents.

5. OBJECTIVES: Upon successful completion of this webinar, you will:
Fly approaches at a stabilized airspeed
Maintain an appropriate rate of descent
Gauge and control your touchdown point
Ensure alignment with the runway centerline
Know when to go around
Know how to go around

6. Fatal Loss of Control Accidents

7. LOC Working Group findings
Lack of single – pilot CRM skills
Un stabilized approaches
Inappropriate go-around procedures
Flight after extended periods of not flying
Insufficient transition training
Over reliance on automation
Flight after use of drugs
Lack of Aeronautical Decision Making Skills

8. Quiz Time!

9. Stabilized approaches are essential to safe _____ flying
advanced
instrument
student
VFR
all of the above

10. Stabilized approaches are essential to safe _____ flying
advanced
instrument
student
VFR
all of the above

11. Instrument vs. VFR

12. Parameters: IFR Stabilized by 1000 feet above touchdown elevation.
On correct flight path
Small corrections to maintain
On speed
Recommended approach speed
+10/-5 knots or MPH
Descent
On Glide Slope/VASI
500 fpm or less
In landing configuration
Landing checklist complete

13. Parameters: VFR Stabilized by 500 feet above touchdown elevation.
On correct flight path
Small corrections to maintain
On speed
Recommended approach speed
+10/-5 knots or MPH
Descent
On Glide Slope/VASI
500 fpm or less
In landing configuration
Landing checklist complete

14. Parameters: VFR and IFR
In addition to the parameters on the previous 2 slides think Go Around and make that part of your approach briefing.
Go Around/Missed Approach Procedures.
Frequency after declaring intentions, Destination?
VOR, NDP, Intersection. Heading, Altitude, Power Setting.
A stabilized approach will give you the time to plan for a Go Around as well as you planned for your Initial T/O.

15. RTFM AFM (POH or AOI) Performance Charts Speeds for safe operation
Emergency procedures
Systems

16. Doh!

17. Once you begin a go-around, you can change your mind:
only once
never
in order to salvage the landing
if conditions improve
as often as necessary

18. Once you begin a go-around, you can change your mind:
only once
never
in order to salvage the landing
if conditions improve
as often as necessary

19. Destabilizing Factors
Excessive Speed
Excessive Altitude
Maneuvering
ATC and traffic

20. It’s hard to say “unable”
Skilled
Competent
Adaptable
Accommodating
Rise to the Occasion
Mission Oriented
Git ‘er done

21. CFIs: Part of the Problem
Taking control can:
Salvage the landing or approach
Save time and money
Keep the training on schedule
Impress the student
And maybe even the boss
But, it may send the wrong message
Let the student go around, and then
Validate their good judgment

22. So when should I go around?
Whenever the approach becomes unstable
At or below 1000 ft – IFR
At or below 500 ft – VFR
Whenever a landing can’t be made
Runway out of service
Traffic on runway
Make the decision early
Stick to it
Changing your mind is destabilizing

23. Another
Question!

24. To pre-solo students only To IFR students only Never Always
Flight instructors should demonstrate how to salvage an unstabilized approach
To pre-solo students only
To IFR students only
Never
Always
When training new instructors

25. To pre-solo students only To IFR students only Never Always
Flight instructors should demonstrate how to salvage an unstabilized approach
To pre-solo students only
To IFR students only
Never
Always
When training new instructors

26. So how should I go around?
PRIORITIZE!

27. Go-Around and Missed Approach Priorities
Aviate
Maintain aircraft control
Arrest descent
Apply climb or level flight power
When you have a positive rate of climb, configure flaps, gear, etc. for climb or level flight.

28. Go-Around and Missed Approach Priorities
Navigate
IFR, Continue to missed approach
point, and then
Fly the missed approach procedure or
Follow ATC instructions
VFR Continue to runway threshold &
climb to pattern altitude, then
Maneuver to remain in or re-enter pattern, or

29. Go-Around and Missed Approach Priorities
Communicate
IFR
Tower or CTAF
ATC – state intentions
VFR
Traffic call – state intentions

30. I know this one!

31. go around early and often fly the aircraft first
The order of priority in executing a missed approach or go-around should be:
go around early and often
fly the aircraft first
aviate, communicate, navigate
aviate, navigate, communicate
communicate, aviate, navigate

32. go around early and often fly the aircraft first
The order of priority in executing a missed approach or go-around should be:
go around early and often
fly the aircraft first
aviate, communicate, navigate
aviate, navigate, communicate
communicate, aviate, navigate

33. Automation Dependency

34. Automation Dependency
Something to consider when flying a “glass cockpit”:
As Situational Awareness increases with Automation, Stick and Rudder proficiency can deteriorate due to “letting George do it”
Hand Fly Departures and Arrivals whenever possible

36. Executing a Safe Go-Around
initiate at first sign of instability
smoothly apply full (or takeoff) power
rudder to keep pointing straight
pitch to normal climb attitude
gradually clean up aircraft

37. Final Question!

38. Good practices to achieve stability are:
manage distractions
seek refresher training
preset frequencies
participate in FAA WINGS program
all of the above

39. Good practices to achieve stability are:
manage distractions
seek refresher training
preset frequencies
participate in FAA WINGS program
all of the above

40. Tips and Tricks PLAN for the missed approach or go around
Preset the frequencies you’ll need
Manage Distractions
Practice missed approaches & go-arounds
So that they become second nature.
Seek refresher training
Annually
Wings Pilot Proficiency Program
When returning to flying after period of inactivity

41. ACKNOWLEDGMENT:
The presenter thanks the FAA General Aviation Joint Steering Committee (GAJSC) for providing materials used in this Webinar.

43. EAA.ORG/WEBINARS

44. AvSport.org/webinars

45. AvSport.org/pwrpoint

46. To request FAA Safety Team WINGS or AMT Award credit, see:
AvSport.org/webinars/credit.htm

47. My Upcoming EAA Webinars
13 May 2020, 8 PM EDT
Operation at Towered Airports
8 July 2020, 8 PM EDT
Fast Track to Experimental
9 September 2020, 8 PM EDT
Topic to be announced