1. Integrative Physiology II: Fluid and Electrolyte Balance
Chapter 20
Integrative Physiology II: Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

2. Response to decreased or elevated Blood Pressure
Figure 20-1: Integrated responses to changes in blood volume and blood pressure

4. Figure 20-2: Water balance in the body
Body Water Balance
Drinking & eating provides water
Kidney conserves water so output = intake
Figure 20-2: Water balance in the body

5. Figure 20-3: Role of the kidneys in water balance
Body Water Balance
Figure 20-3: Role of the kidneys in water balance

6. Water Balance Reflex: Regulators of Vasopressin Release
Figure 20-7: Factors affecting vasopressin release

9. Sodium Balance: Intake & Excretion
Figure 20-11: Homeostatic responses to eating salt

10. Angiotensin Pathway: Maintains BP , Volume & Osmolarity Angiotensinogen, ANGI, ANG II, rennin, & ACE
Figure 20-13: The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone pathway

11. Artial Naturetic Peptide: Regulates Na+ & H2O Excretion
Figure 20-15: Atrial natriuretic peptide

12. Response to Dehydration & Osmolarity Imbalance
Figure : Homeostatic compensation for severe dehydration

14. Acid/Base Homeostasis: Overview
Acidosis:  plasma pH
Protein damage
CNS depression
Alkalosis:  plasma pH
Hyperexcitability
CNS & heart
Buffers: HCO3- & proteins
H+ input: diet & metabolic
H+ output: lungs & kidney

15. Acid/Base Homeostasis: Overview
Figure 20-18: Hydrogen balance in the body

16. Kidney Hydrogen Ion Balancing: Collecting Duct
Type A Intercalated cells excrete H+ absorb HCO3-
Type B intercalated cells absorb H+ secrete HCO3-

17. Kidney Hydrogen Ion Balancing: Collecting Duct
Figure 20-22: Role of the intercalated cell in acidosis and alkalosis

23. Classifications of Acute Kidney Injury and Chronic Kidney Disease.