1. Group 1 Group 2 Group 3 Group 5 Group 4 Ag+, Pb2+, Hg22+
Cu2+, Bi3+, Cd2+, Hg2+, H2AsO3-, AsO43-, Sb3+, Sn2+, Sn4+
Al3+, Fe2+, Fe3+, Co2+, Ni2+, Cr3+, Zn2+, Mn2+
Ba2+, Ca2+, Mg2+
Na+, K+, NH4+
Add 6M HCl
Precipitate
Insoluble Chlorides:
AgCl, Hg2Cl2, PbCl2
Cu2+, Bi3+, Cd2+, Hg2+, H2AsO3-, AsO43-, Sb3+, Sn2+, Sn4+
Al3+, Fe2+, Fe3+, Co2+, Ni2+, Cr3+, Zn2+, Mn2+
Ba2+, Ca2+, Mg2+
Na+, K+, NH4+
Group 1
Add H2S, 0.2M HCl
Precipitate
Acid-Insoluble Sulfides:
CuS, Bi2S3, CdS, HgS,
As2S3, Sb2S3, SnS2
Al3+, Fe2+, Fe3+, Co2+, Ni2+, Cr3+, Zn2+, Mn2+
Ba2+, Ca2+, Mg2+
Na+, K+, NH4+
Group 2
Add (NH4)2S, pH 8.0
Precipitate
Base-Insoluble Hydroxides and Sulfides:
Al(OH)3, Fe (OH)3, Cr(OH)3,
CoS, NiS, ZnS, MnS
Ba2+, Ca2+, Mg2+
Na+, K+, NH4+
Group 3
Add (NH4)2HPO4
Precipitate
Insoluble Phosphates:
Ba3(PO4)2, Ca3(PO4)2, MgNH4PO4
Na+, K+, NH4+
Group 5
Group 4