1. Cognitive Developmental Approaches
Chapter 6
Cognitive Developmental Approaches

2. Piaget Adaptation Schemes Assimilation Accomodation Organization
Equilibriation

3. Piaget Stages Sensorimotor Preoperational Concrete Operational
Formal Operational

4. Evaluating Piaget
Contributions
Criticisms
Neo-Piagetians

5. Piaget in the Classroom

6. Vygotsky Zone of Proximal Development Scaffolding Language and Thought
Teaching Strategies

7. Evaluating Vygotsky

8. Vygotsky vs. Piaget
Overall: Vygotsky believed learning happened through social interaction, Piaget believed it was a natural part of development (biological)
Language: Vygotsky believed it played a powerful role in shaping thought, Piaget believed cognition shaped language
Education: Vygotsky believed it was central to learning, Piaget believed it merely refined skills
Teachers: Vygotsky believed they acted as facilitators/guides and that peers were also important, Piaget also saw teachers as facilitators/guides

9. Behaviorism Classical Conditioning Operant Conditioning
Social-Cognitive Learning

10. Classical Conditioning
Pairing of an neutral stimulus with a reflexive response to create a conditioned stimulus/response.
UCS leads to UCR=reflex (natural)
NS+ UCS= UCR (reflex)
Multiple Pairings (in most cases)
NS+UCS=CS leads to CR (in absence of UCS)

11. Operant Conditioning Punishment/Reward Schedules of Reinforcement
Punishment=decrease in (undesired)behavior
Reward=increase in (desired)behavior
Schedules of Reinforcement
Interval (fixed or variable)
Ratio (fixed or variable)
Cautions (too much reward or punishment)

12. Social Cognitive Observational Learning Role Models
Evaluation of Reward
Violence on TV

13. Study Guide Piaget Vygotsky Classical Conditioning
Definitions
Stages
Evaluation of Piaget
Vygotsky
Evaluation of Vygotsky
Piaget vs. Vygotsky
Classical Conditioning
Operant Conditioning
Reinforcers
Schedules of Reinforcement
Social Cognitive Learning
Research

14. Points to Focus On Definitions Theories of Cognitive Development
know them
Theories of Cognitive Development
Piaget and Vygotsky-who said what?
Theories of Learning
be able to explain how they work
Biological or Environmental?
be able to say which are biological vs. environmental
don’t forget about the video clips