1. P3 - Graphs
Prologue
September 8, 2011
Sanders

2. P2 - Observations and Inferences
Hypothesis
Hypothesis is the suggested relationship between two variables.
If, Then, Because format.
“If a plant gets water
Then it will grow
Because water is part of photosynthesis.” *
P2 - Observations and Inferences

3. P2 - Observations and Inferences
Variables
Experiments test hypotheses under controlled conditions.
Variables
Independent: variable that’s being tested.
Dependant: variable that gets changed as the result of the experiment.
Control Variable is not tested but observed. *
P2 - Observations and Inferences

4. P2 - Observations and Inferences
Graphs
There are three types of graphs
Pie
Bar
Line *
P2 - Observations and Inferences

5. Pie Graph
Pie graphs indicate percentages
as part of the whole.

6. Bar Graphs
Bar graphs illustrate trends.

7. Line Graphs Line graphs illustrate data that are in a data table.
Often times the data are scattered points.

8. P2 - Observations and Inferences
Direct
As one variable increases,
the other variable increases
Example:
As the amount of sunlight
Increases plant growth increases *
P2 - Observations and Inferences

9. P2 - Observations and Inferences
Inverse
As one variable increases,
the other variable decreases.
Example:
As the day progresses, the pencil gets shorter *
P2 - Observations and Inferences

10. P2 - Observations and Inferences
Constant
As one variable increases,
the other variable stays the same
Example:
As the mass increases, the density of iron stays the same. *
P2 - Observations and Inferences

11. P2 - Observations and Inferences
Cyclic
As one variable increases,
the other variable increases and decreases in a repeated pattern.
Example:
As the year passes, the temperature rises and falls. *
P2 - Observations and Inferences