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Types Of Joints & The Skeletal System
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Prior learning
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Types of Joints Fibrous Cartilaginous Synovial
The skeleton is a framework joined together by joints. Joints are necessary for muscles to lever bones, thus creating movement. A joint is formed where any two or more bones meet. Joints are classified by how much movement they allow. There are three types of joints Fibrous Cartilaginous Synovial
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Bones you need to know Cranium Mandible Cervical vertebrae Clavicle
Scapula Sternum Ribs Humerus Thoracic Vertebrae Lumbar Vertebrae Pelvis Radius Sacrum Ulna Coccyx Carpals Meta Carpals Phalanges Ischium Femur Patella Tibia Fibula Tarsals Talus Metatarsals Phalanges
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Key Terms You Should Know
Articulating This refers to the bones that meet and move at a joint Fibrous There is no cavity or movement in these joints and fibrous tissue holds the bones together. Examples of this are in the skull and pelvis. Cartilaginous As these joints are linked by cartilage there is some movement but it is very slight. There is no cavity. Examples of these joints can be found between the vertebrae and between the ribs and sternum. Synovial These joints allow for greater ranges of movement and the type of movement will depend upon the type of joint between the bones.
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Fibrous joints There is no cavity or movement in these joints and fibrous tissue holds the bones together. Examples of this are in the skull and pelvis.
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Cartilaginous joints As these joints are linked by cartilage there is some movement but it is very slight. There is no cavity. Examples of these joints can be found between the vertebrae and between the ribs and sternum.
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Synovial joints Ball & Socket Hinge Joint Condyloid Joint Pivot Joint
These joints allow for greater ranges of movement and the type of movement will depend upon the type of joint between the bones. Ball & Socket Hinge Joint Condyloid Joint Pivot Joint Saddle Joint
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Ball & Socket Joint This joint allows movement in every direction. It is formed by the round head of one bone fitting into the cup-shaped capsule of the connecting bone. The hip and the shoulder are ball and socket joints. The articulating bones of the hip are the femur and pelvis and the humerus and scapula articulate at the shoulder.
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Hinge Joint This joint allows movement in only one direction, due to the shape of the bones making up the joint. The ankle, knee and elbow are hinge joints. The articulating bones of the ankle are the talus, tibia and fibula. The femur and tibia articulate at the knee and the humerus, radius and ulna at the elbow.
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Condyloid Joint A condyloid joint is found at the wrist and ankle. The articulating bones are the ulna and the lunate. This joint allows movement in two planes but not as great as the ball and socket.
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Pivot Joint A pivot joint is found in the neck. Part of the bone fits into another ring of bone The articulating bones are the atlas and axis. This joint allows rotation of the head.
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Saddle Joint A saddle joint is found at the base of the thumb. This joint allows the thumb to be moved in two directions. The articulating bones are the Carpals and the metacarpals.
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Articulating bones at the five joints
Joint Type Articulating Bones Ankle Hinge Knee Hip Ball & Socket Shoulder Elbow Talus, Tibia & Fibula Tibia & Femur Femur & Pelvis Humerus & Scapula Humerus Radius & Ulna
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