1. Approximation For Parents: Weight X Speed = Restraining Force
Crash Forces
Approximation For Parents:
Weight X Speed = Restraining Force
Courtesy Insurance Institute For Highway Safety
Crash Dynamics - 5

2. Frontal Crashes Most frequent type, but not necessarily most severe
Common injuries to unrestrained occupants:
Fractures of the skull, spine, & ribs
Cuts and bruises to the head & face
Injuries to larynx, liver, & spleen
Courtesy Insurance Institute For Highway Safety
Crash Dynamics - 8

3. 5 Ways Restraints Prevent Injury:
1. Prevent ejection
2. Contact the strongest parts of the body
3. Spread forces over a wide area of the body
4. Help the body to “ride down” the crash
5. Protect the head and spinal cord
Courtesy Insurance Institute For Highway Safety
Crash Dynamics - 13

4. Location in Vehicle Safest location considerations:
Front or back seat?
Back seat is best for all children
Center rear is safest
Sometimes front seat is a better option
Never place rear facing infant in front of active air bag
Courtesy Insurance Institute For Highway Safety
Correct Installation - 11

5. Tight Safety Belt Tightly securing the CRS
Install as tightly as possible with reasonable force
Pull CRS at belt path
CRS should not move side to side or forward more than 1”
Parent must be able to repeat installation
Correct Installation - 21

6. If Standard Locking Latch Plate Doesn't Stay Locked
Unbuckle and flip
NEVER use a locking clip on system that doesn't have a retractor!
Correct Installation - 27

7. Using a Belt-Shortening Clip
Route belt through correct belt path and buckle
Push down on CRS, pull belt out of retractor to end
Make loop of excess webbing
Thread clip on webbing and double-back to keep from slipping
Re-buckle and test for tightness
Correct Installation - 37

8. School Bus Safety Issues
Safer than cars
Only .2 percent of fatal crashes
Occupant protection features:
Compartmentalization
Safety belts: required on small buses
Installed on all new buses in some states
Requirements for use varies
Other Vehicles - 8