1. Bacterial/Viral Meningitis & Haemophilus influenzae Trends in Ireland
Updated 10/July/2019

2. Sections Bacterial meningitis – Overview
HSE-HPSC | Bacterial/Viral Meningitis & Haemophilus influenzae Trends in Ireland
Sections
Bacterial meningitis – Overview
Invasive Meningococcal Disease (IMD)
Viral meningitis, NOS (not otherwise specified)
Haemophilus influenzae

3. Bacterial meningitis – Overview
HSE-HPSC | Bacterial/Viral Meningitis & Haemophilus influenzae Trends in Ireland
Bacterial meningitis – Overview

4. HSE-HPSC | Bacterial/Viral Meningitis & Haemophilus influenzae Trends in Ireland
Notifications & Deaths from Bacterial Meningitis (incl. meningococcal septicaemia), *
* Tuberculosis meningitis data provisional; CIR-crude incidence rate per 100,000

5. HSE-HPSC | Bacterial/Viral Meningitis & Haemophilus influenzae Trends in Ireland
Notifications Bacterial Meningitis (incl. meningococcal septicaemia), *
* Tuberculosis meningitis data provisional

6. IMD & Other Bacterial Meningitis Cases & Incidence Rates 1999-2018*
HSE-HPSC | Bacterial/Viral Meningitis & Haemophilus influenzae Trends in Ireland
IMD & Other Bacterial Meningitis Cases & Incidence Rates *
* Tuberculosis meningitis data provisional; CIR-crude incidence rate per 100,000

7. Bacterial Meningitis-Related Notifications, 1999-2018*
HSE-HPSC | Bacterial/Viral Meningitis & Haemophilus influenzae Trends in Ireland
Bacterial Meningitis-Related Notifications, *
Organism
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
% Change
Neisseria meningitidis
536
515
330
253
237
198
203
209
179
168
147
114 94 66 81 82 74 87 76 89
-83.4
Haemophilus influenzae-all types 2 6 3 7 4 9 5 1
+100.0
Streptococcus pneumoniae 19 25 20 15 22 24 35 27 16 23 37 33 39 32 41
+115.8
Leptospira species -
Listeria species
Tuberculosis 8 11
-71.4
Streptococcus pyogenes
Staphylococcus aureus
Escherichia coli 14
+25.0
Streptococcus agalactiae
+125.0
Other (including by organisms unknown) 31 34 29 36 21 10
-33.3
Total
587
590
396
300
314
269
267
291
262
251
222
190
161
153
150
158
159
146
151
164
-72.1
* Tuberculosis meningitis data provisional; CIR-crude incidence rate per 100,000

8. Bacterial Meningitis Notifications, 1999
HSE-HPSC | Bacterial/Viral Meningitis & Haemophilus influenzae Trends in Ireland
Bacterial Meningitis Notifications, 1999

9. Bacterial Meningitis Notifications, 2018*
HSE-HPSC | Bacterial/Viral Meningitis & Haemophilus influenzae Trends in Ireland
Bacterial Meningitis Notifications, 2018*
*2018 Tuberculosis meningitis data provisional; CIR-crude incidence rate per 100,000

10. Invasive Meningococcal Disease (IMD)
HSE-HPSC | Bacterial/Viral Meningitis & Haemophilus influenzae Trends in Ireland
Invasive Meningococcal Disease (IMD)

11. Rates of invasive meningococcal disease reported cases, EU/EEA, 2017
HSE-HPSC | Bacterial/Viral Meningitis & Haemophilus influenzae Trends in Ireland
Rates of invasive meningococcal disease reported cases, EU/EEA, 2017
Source:

12. HSE-HPSC | Bacterial/Viral Meningitis & Haemophilus influenzae Trends in Ireland
Selected rates of invasive meningococcal disease reported cases, in Europe Source:

13. HSE-HPSC | Bacterial/Viral Meningitis & Haemophilus influenzae Trends in Ireland
IMD by Serogroup,

14. Annual Number of IMD Cases by Serogroup,1999-2018
HSE-HPSC | Bacterial/Viral Meningitis & Haemophilus influenzae Trends in Ireland
Annual Number of IMD Cases by Serogroup,
Year
SgB
SgC
SgW
SgY
SgNG
Sg29E
No serogroup
detected
Total
% B
% C
% Other**
1999
292
135 4 2 12 91
536
54.5%
25.2%
20.3%
2000
258
139 3 6
105
515
50.1%
27.0%
22.9%
2001
245 35 1 7 39
330
74.2%
10.6%
15.2%
2002
199 14 31
253
78.7%
5.5%
15.8%
2003
206 5 17
237
86.9%
2.1%
11.0%
2004
163 26
198
82.3%
2.5%
2005
169 21
203
83.3%
14.3%
2006
167
208
80.3%
1.9%
17.8%
2007
158
179
88.3%
1.1%
2008
149 11
168
88.7%
2.4%
8.9%
2009
119
147
81.0%
3.4%
15.6%
2010 93 16
114
81.6%
3.5%
14.9%
2011 84 94
89.4%
8.5%
2012 58 66
87.9%
0.0%
12.1%
2013 68 8 81
84.0%
1.2%
14.8%
2014 69 82
84.1%
7.3%
2015 43 74
58.1%
2016 48 22 87
55.2%
25.3%
19.5%
2017 29 30 76
38.2%
39.5%
22.4%
2018 46 20 89
51.7%
22.5%
25.8%
% Change
-84.2
-85.2
+200.0
+300.0 -
-96.7
-83.4
** Other includes serogroups W135, Y, NG, 29E, and no serogroup detected

15. Number of Serogroup B and C cases, 1999-2018
HSE-HPSC | Bacterial/Viral Meningitis & Haemophilus influenzae Trends in Ireland
Number of Serogroup B and C cases,

16. Number of Serogroup W and Y cases, 1999-2018
HSE-HPSC | Bacterial/Viral Meningitis & Haemophilus influenzae Trends in Ireland
Number of Serogroup W and Y cases,

17. Percentage of IMD cases by Serogroup & Year, 1999-2018
HSE-HPSC | Bacterial/Viral Meningitis & Haemophilus influenzae Trends in Ireland
Percentage of IMD cases by Serogroup & Year,

18. IMD Cases by Month, Serogroup & Age Group, 1999-2018
HSE-HPSC | Bacterial/Viral Meningitis & Haemophilus influenzae Trends in Ireland
IMD Cases by Month, Serogroup & Age Group,

19. IMD Cases by Age Group & Year, 1999-2018
HSE-HPSC | Bacterial/Viral Meningitis & Haemophilus influenzae Trends in Ireland
IMD Cases by Age Group & Year,

20. MenB Cases as a % of All IMD Cases, 1999-2018
HSE-HPSC | Bacterial/Viral Meningitis & Haemophilus influenzae Trends in Ireland
MenB Cases as a % of All IMD Cases,

21. MenC Cases as a % of All IMD Cases, 1999-2018
HSE-HPSC | Bacterial/Viral Meningitis & Haemophilus influenzae Trends in Ireland
MenC Cases as a % of All IMD Cases,

22. MenW Cases as a % of All IMD Cases, 1999-2018
HSE-HPSC | Bacterial/Viral Meningitis & Haemophilus influenzae Trends in Ireland
MenW Cases as a % of All IMD Cases,

23. MenY Cases as a % of All IMD Cases, 1999-2018
HSE-HPSC | Bacterial/Viral Meningitis & Haemophilus influenzae Trends in Ireland
MenY Cases as a % of All IMD Cases,

24. Number of IMD Deaths By Serogroup and %Case Fatality Rate, 1999-2018
HSE-HPSC | Bacterial/Viral Meningitis & Haemophilus influenzae Trends in Ireland
Number of IMD Deaths By Serogroup and %Case Fatality Rate,

25. Viral meningitis, NOS (not otherwise specified)
HSE-HPSC | Bacterial/Viral Meningitis & Haemophilus influenzae Trends in Ireland
Viral meningitis, NOS (not otherwise specified)

26. Viral Meningitis (NOS) Cases by Year & Causative Organism, 2006-2018
HSE-HPSC | Bacterial/Viral Meningitis & Haemophilus influenzae Trends in Ireland
Viral Meningitis (NOS) Cases by Year & Causative Organism,
Year
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
enterovirus
119 27 63 91
107
166
189
219
312
209
243
201
165
human herpes virus type 6 5 12 28 21 33 35 18 31 65
varicella/herpes zoster virus 2 8 4 6 19 9 14
herpes simplex virus 7 3 13
parechovirus 1 32 82
adenovirus
not specified 11 29 24
Total
148 45 97
142
168
220
235
281
435
261
299
260
ASIR
3.5
1.1
2.3
3.1
3.7
4.8
5.1
6.1
9.1
5.5
6.3

27. Viral Meningitis (NOS) Cases by Causative Organism, 1988-2018
HSE-HPSC | Bacterial/Viral Meningitis & Haemophilus influenzae Trends in Ireland
Viral Meningitis (NOS) Cases by Causative Organism,
NOS: not otherwise specified

28. Quarterly Number of Viral Meningitis (NOS) Cases, 1988-2018
HSE-HPSC | Bacterial/Viral Meningitis & Haemophilus influenzae Trends in Ireland
Quarterly Number of Viral Meningitis (NOS) Cases,
NOS: not otherwise specified

29. HSE-HPSC | Bacterial/Viral Meningitis & Haemophilus influenzae Trends in Ireland
Enterovirus related Viral Meningitis (NOS) Cases by Age Group,
NOS: not otherwise specified

30. HSE-HPSC | Bacterial/Viral Meningitis & Haemophilus influenzae Trends in Ireland
Non-Enterovirus-Related Viral Meningitis (NOS) Cases by Age Group,
Note: Caution is recommended regarding the detection of HHV 6 DNA in cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) specimens, especially in those aged less than three months as HHV 6 DNA can be chromosomally integrated. When this occurs the HHV 6 DNA can be inherited through the germ line and therefore when it is detected, it may not be clinically relevant.
NOS: not otherwise specified; Other: adenovirus , rhinovirus A

31. Invasive Haemophilus influenzae
HSE-HPSC | Bacterial/Viral Meningitis & Haemophilus influenzae Trends in Ireland
Invasive Haemophilus influenzae

32. Haemophilus influenzae Cases by Year & Type, 2002-2018
HSE-HPSC | Bacterial/Viral Meningitis & Haemophilus influenzae Trends in Ireland
Haemophilus influenzae Cases by Year & Type,
Year
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
type a 1
type b (hib) 10 14 18 7 5 3 2
type d
type e 4
type f 6
not type b
non-typeable/non-capsular 9 20 15 12 25 34 26 32 38 24 28 44
not typed 21 13 8
Total 22 31 43 41 61 52 58 45
ASIR
0.5
0.6
0.9
0.8
0.7
1.0
1.3
1.1
1.2

33. Haemophilus influenzae Cases by Type, 2002-2018
HSE-HPSC | Bacterial/Viral Meningitis & Haemophilus influenzae Trends in Ireland
Haemophilus influenzae Cases by Type,

34. HSE-HPSC | Bacterial/Viral Meningitis & Haemophilus influenzae Trends in Ireland
Invasive Hib Cases,

35. Annual Number of Hib cases and True Vaccine Failures (TVFs) 1996–2018
HSE-HPSC | Bacterial/Viral Meningitis & Haemophilus influenzae Trends in Ireland
Annual Number of Hib cases and True Vaccine Failures (TVFs) 1996–2018

36. True Hib Vaccine Failures by Age Group, 1996-2018
HSE-HPSC | Bacterial/Viral Meningitis & Haemophilus influenzae Trends in Ireland
True Hib Vaccine Failures by Age Group,
A true vaccine failure (TVF) is the occurrence of invasive Hib infection in an individual, despite having been fully vaccinated against Hib disease in the past.

37. Departments of Public Health Microbiology Laboratories
HSE-HPSC | Bacterial/Viral Meningitis & Haemophilus influenzae Trends in Ireland
Acknowledgements
Departments of Public Health
Microbiology Laboratories
Irish Meningitis & Sepsis Reference Laboratory (IMSRL) in the CUH, Temple Street
National Virus Reference Laboratory (NVRL)