1. B7 – Ecology – Communities, Abiotic + Biotic Factors, Predator/ Prey Relationship
Define the terms:
Population –
Community-
Habitat-
Ecosystem-
When the number of rabbits increase why does the number of foxes then increase?
When the number of foxes increase why does this then lead to a decrease in rabbits?
Why does this decrease in rabbits then lead to a decrease in foxes?
What do animals complete for:
What do plants compete for:
Draw a simple food chain for a lettuce, rabbit and fox:
Define an abiotic factor:
Give examples:
Define a biotic factor:
Describe what is meant by interdependence and give an example:
BBC
Define interdependence and give an example of this.
What is a stable community?

2. B7– Ecology – Trophic Levels and Biomass (Biology only)
Define the following keywords:
Producer-
Consumer-
Herbivore-
Carnivore-
Omnivore-
Predator-
Prey-
Trophic level-
Biomass-
Ecosystem-
Draw and label a pyramid of biomass for the following food chain:
Lettuces Rabbit Fox
How many trophic levels are there?
Biomass Loss
Give 3 ways in which biomass is lost between each trophic level: 1) 2) 3)
Biomass Transfer
What is the source of all energy on Earth?
What % of this energy is taken in by plants?
What % is passed on from one trophic level to the next?
How do plants increase their biomass?
How is biomass passed through an a food chain?
Efficiency of Transfer:
If a lettuce has a biomass of 1.5kg that is available to be passed onto rabbits and the rabbit that eats it takes in a biomass of 0.3kg what is the efficiency of biomass transfer?

3. B7– Ecology – Adaptations
Define an adaptation?
Define a functional adaptation:
Give an example:
Define an extremophile:
Give an example:
Explain why adaptations are important.
Give examples of adaptations in animals in hot and cold temperatures.
Hot
Cold
Give examples of adaptations in plants in dry areas:
Define a structural adaptation:
Give an example:
Give 3 prey adaptations:
Define a behavioural adaptation:
Give an example:

4. B7- Ecology- Sampling
What do we mean by the distribution of an organism?
What affects the distribution of organisms?
Describe how we can use random sampling to compare the number of a plant species in 2 different areas: 1) 2) 3) 4)
When do we use a transect?
Describe how you would use a transect to measure the number of plants as you move away from a road: 1) 2) 3) 4)
Describe how to randomly place quadrats: 1) 2)
A student used a 1m2 quadrat. The mean number of daisies per quadrat was 7. The field was 70m x 200m.
Estimate the population size:
Give 2 examples of when we’d use random sampling: 1) 2)
When do we use % cover rather than counting individuals?
How do you do it?

5. B7 – Ecology – Carbon Cycle and Water Cycle
Explain how evaporation and transpiration turns water from plants, land and oceans into water vapour:
Explain how clouds form:
Explain how precipitation returns water to the oceans:
Carbon Cycle
Colour the arrows showing respiration in red.
Colour the arrows showing photosynthesis in green.
Colour the arrows showing decomposition in blue.
Colour the arrows showing combustion in black.
Label the arrow showing eating
Describe how carbon is removed from the atmosphere:
Describe ways in which carbon is returned to the atmosphere:
doc chemistry lesson and exploring nature

6. B7- Ecology- Global Warming (incl
B7- Ecology- Global Warming (incl. deforestation + peat bog destruction)
Name 2 greenhouse gases:
Explain 2 reasons why deforestation is increasing CO2 levels in the atmosphere: 1) 2)
Describe the process of global warming:
Give 3 reasons why carbon dioxide levels are increasing: 1) 2) 3)
Give 3 reasons why peat bogs being destroyed: 1) 2) 3)
Give 2 reasons why methane levels are increasing: 1) 2)
Explain the 4 potential consequences of global warming: 1) 2) 3) 4)
Explain 3 problems associated with peat bog destruction: 1) 2) 3)
Give 3 reasons why deforestation carried out: 1) 2) 3)

7. B7– Ecology – Biodiversity
Define biodiversity:
Give 3 reasons why humans are putting greater pressure on the environment: 1) 2) 3)
Land pollution
Give 3 ways in which we are polluting land: 1) 2) 3)
What is an indicator species and how are they useful?
Why is high biodiversity important?
Conflicting Pressures
Give 3 reasons why it is sometimes not possible to protect biodiversity: 1) 2) 3)
Protecting Ecosystems
Explain why the following programmes are being set up:
Breeding programmes:
Regeneration of rare habitats
Reintroduce hedgerows
Reducing deforestation
Recycling
Water Pollution
Describe the problems caused by sewage and fertilisers washing into lakes and rivers:
State the effect of toxic chemicals washing into lakes and rivers:
Give 2 ways in which humans are reducing biodiversity: 1) 2)
How is the human population changing?
Why is this?
Air Pollution
What does sulphur dioxide cause?

8. B7- Ecology- Decay (Triple only)
Give the 4 factors that increase rate of decay: 1) 2) 3) 4)
Explain why decay happens at warmer temperatures:
Explain why decay won’t happen in freezing temperatures:
Explain why decay won’t happen in temperatures above 40oC:
Which gases are in biogas?
Which of these is useful as a fuel?
Describe how biogas is made:
In a biogas generator explain why more the biogas produced contains:
More CO2 initially:
More CH4 after a few days:
Give 2 reasons why biogas generators are kept underground
State the result you would expect to see and explain why you would expect to see this.
Give 2 differences between a batch generator and a continuous generator: 1) 2)
What is compost and what is it used for?

9. B7- Ecology- Food Security, Farming + Biotechnology
Define food security:
Give 3 reasons that threaten food security: 1) 2) 3)
What is sustainable food production?
What is mycoprotein used for?
Which microorganism is used to make mycoprotein?
Describe the process/ conditions necessary:
What do we mean by factory farming?
Explain why these farming methods improve the efficiency of food production:
Keeping animals in small pens:
Keeping animals in barns at an optimum temperature:
.Give 3 ways in which GM crops could help reduce food shortages: 1) 2) 3)
Why do some people disagree?
What is overfishing?
Why is it a problem?
Describe 2 ways in which we can maintain fish stocks: 1) 2)
Give 2 reasons why factory farming is controversial: 1) 2)