1. Student Notes: Chapter 19 Anglo-Saxons and Irish

2. How did civilization develop in the British Isles?
EQ - Chapter 19
How did civilization develop in the British Isles?

3. Chapter 19 Geography
The British Isles (off the West Coast of Europe) consist of Great Britain, Ireland, and many other smaller islands.

4. Connections to Rome
In 55 BC, Julius Caesar invaded Britannia. Rome ruled much of southern Britain for almost 400 years.
By the late 300s AD, Roman legions were called home to defend the borders against Germanic invasions.

5. Connections to Rome
This left Britain opened to attacks from raiding Germanic tribes.

6. Connections to Rome
After 410 AD, Britain was overrun by the Angles, the Saxons, and the Jutes.

7. Connections to Rome Angles and Saxons become the Anglo-Saxons
When the Anglo-Saxons arrived, most Celts fled to Ireland.

8. Connections to Rome
Eventually, part of Britain will be named after the Angles (England).

10. What’s in a name?
The name of the Saxons comes from a knife often used by warriors called a Seax.
Saxon

11. Early Ireland
Ireland had no cities—people lived in clans (family groups) in small villages—no large towns
St. Patrick converted many Irish people to Christianity
Early Christian Monasteries were built here

12. Early Ireland
Ireland remained more isolated from Germanic invasions than mainland Europe and Britain.

13. Celtic Culture
The Celts made their houses using sticks, clay, mud, dung, and straw.
Celtic houses had no windows—they were dark inside as only the door allowed in light.

14. Terms to Learn
Coracles—boats made by stretching hides over a wooden frame—could hold up to 30 people

15. Terms to Learn
Shires—England was divided into districts

16. Terms to Learn
Sheriff—a noble chosen by the king to enforce the law, collect money, and call up soldiers

17. Life in Britain
By 800 AD, Danes (Vikings) began to attack Britain.

18. Life in Britain
King Alfred the Great is best known for fighting to resist these Viking invaders.

20. Just when you thought you learned enough words in English
Just when you thought you learned enough words in English. Get ready for six actual words from the English language…a few centuries ago.

21. Don’t be known as a snollygoster!
A sneaky, dishonest person
Without enough sleep, you can find yourself in a zwodder.
A sleepy state of mind
His sister always gets a hum durgeon before a test.
An imaginary illness

22. Sometimes she acts like a hoddypeak!
A fool or idiot
That hoddypeak will kench at the corniest joke.
To laugh loudly
After listening to your wonderful explanation, I feel even more jargogled?
Confused

23. The Development of English Language
The chart shows samples of the changes in English.
#1 is Anglo-Saxon (circa AD ) or Old English.
#2 is Middle English (circa AD ).
#3 is Modern English from the time of Shakespeare.
#4 is a more recent example of Modern English.