1. STALIN:
MAD, BAD, AND SAD

2. JOSEF STALIN NOT HIS REAL NAME, HE’S NOT EVEN A RUSSIAN.
BORN IN GEORGIA (CAUCUSUS) IN 1879.
IOSIF DZHUGASHVILI. FATHER WAS A SHOEMAKER AND A DRUNK. HE GREW UP IN A HUT.
ENROLLS IN SEMINARY;
IS THROWN OUT FOR
READING MARX

3. “COMRADE” STALIN AS REVOLUTIONARY
DOES LITTLE DURING RUSSIAN REVOLUTION
APPOINTED BOLSHEVIK COMMISSAR OF NATIONALITIES AFTER THE REVOLUTION

4. STALIN COMES TO POWER Becomes party secretary
Gets to appoint those loyal to him to Politburo
Takes full power by 1929
Says Lenin wanted him to be his successor

6. FIVE YEAR PLANS Central government planners set goals -
Soviet industry
Almost catches up to
Rest of Europe in less
Than 15 years
Right: Happy Peasants

7. SOCIALIST REALISM
ART MUST PROMOTE
THE GOALS OF THE REVOLUTION.

9. NEW CITIES AND MASSIVE PROJECTS BUILT, SOMETIMES WITH AMERICAN HELP

11. COLLECTIVE FARMS

12. ELIMINATING THE KULAKS
KULAKS WERE PROSPEROUS PEASANTS, WHO SOMETIMES LENT MONEY AND SEED TO OTHER PEASANTS
ACCUSED OF SABOTAGE
STALIN LAUNCHES A CLASS WAR

14. FAMINE IN UKRAINE
HARVESTS FAIL IN

15. PURGES STALIN REMOVED ANYONE HE PERCEIVED AS A THREAT
EVENTUALLY, ALMOST ALL THE “OLD BOLSHEVIKS” OF THE REVOLUTION WERE REPLACED BY “LITTLE STALINS”

16. SHOW TRIALS Public humiliation of Those being purged.
Started with killing of
Kirov, a loyal follower
Of Stalin. Liquidations
Sometimes amounted
To hundreds a day.

17. ASSASSINATIONS

18. REWRITING HISTORY

19. CULT OF PERSONALITY

20. THE GULAG WORK CAMPS FOR DISSENTERS OR ANYONE ACCUSED BY PARTY
MOSTLY IN SIBERIA – MASSIVE PROJECTS BUILT BY SLAVE LABOR

21. THE GULAG “ARCHIPELAGO”

22. STALIN AND HITLER
HITLER DETESTS COMMUNISM; IS DETERMINED TO DESTROY IT
STALIN AND HITLER SIGN NONAGGRESSION PACT IN 1939
Stalin cooperates in Hitler’s invasion of Poland, grabs territory.
Refuses to believe in 1941 that Hitler would invade Soviet Union

23. STALIN AS WAR LEADER FINALLY RALLIES PEOPLE AFTER THREE WEEKS
ORDERS COUNTER-
ATTACK OUTSIDE
MOSCOW.
ANYONE WHO FAILS,
DIES

24. SOVIETS DEFEAT NAZIS
MILLIONS OF LOSSES, PERHAPS 20 MILLION DEAD, GREATEST OF WAR
SOVIETS GET AMERICAN MATERIAL HELP
ROLL ACROSS EASTERN EUROPE IN
TAKE BERLIN, HITLER COMMITS SUICIDE
HAVE BIGGEST ARMY IN EUROPE, BEST TANKS

26. GENOCIDES Chechens, Kalmyks and Balkars
Small Caucasian peoples accused of cooperating with Nazis
Rounded up and sent into desert in dead of winter to die.

27. DEATH OF STALIN
1953
“DOCTORS’ PLOT”
NO CLEAR SUCCESSION

28. SO WHY WAS STALIN
MAD
BAD
SAD?

29. Russia(USSR) Under Stalin
Totalitarian State- one party dictatorship
Russification- forced non-Russians to be “Russians”
Command Economy- Government makes all basic economic decisions (government controlled factories, farms, and businesses)
a) Stalin wanted to make Russia industrialized
b) Five Year Plans- build heavy industry (products in oil, coal, steel, increase in military, more factories, railroads, and hydroelectric power) He ignored consumer goods.
c) Collectivization- state takes over all farms from peasants, forcing them to live on state-owned farms (collectives)
d) Results of collectivization included peasants resisted by growing enough food for themselves. Then the government seized all of the grain in those communities.
Forced famine- mass starvation resulted. Millions of Russians died of forced starvation.

30. REVIEW FOR TEST
Westernization of Russia came about largely through the efforts of Peter the Great
The position of Jews in Czarist Russia was they were a persecuted minority
Political system in Russia before the 20th century was an absolute monarchy
The Russo-Japanese War caused dissident groups to challenge the power of the czar.
The relationship of WWI and Russian Revolution is it created conditions in Russia to help trigger a revolution.
In 1917 Bolshevik leaders in Russia sought peace with Germany because the new Russian government wanted to retain power and avoid German occupation

31. Pre revolutionary governments fail to meet the political and economic needs of their people.
Russian peasants supported the Bolsheviks primarily because they pledged to redistribute land and make peace.
Slogan expressed the ideals of the Bolshevik Revolution of 1917 Bread, Peace, Land and Bread.
Major cause of the Russian Revolution was the abuse of political power by Czar Nicholas II
The events of Bloody Sunday, heavy casualties of WWI, and ineffective leadership of the czar led directly to Revolution of 1917
Bolshevik Revolution was a major turning point in history bc Russia became the 1st nation with communist economic system

32. One similarity btw French Rev and Russian Rev is both were a result of govt. denial of basic human rights and stressful economic conditions
The slogan “Peace, Land, & Bread appealed to many peasants bc it addressed the needs & concerns of the peasants
Command Economy=Govt controlled production, five yr plan, Collectivization.