1. Bank
Functional Skills
Mathematics
Today you will be working as a cashier in a local bank. You will be looking at :
Fractions
Decimals
Percentages
(Remember to check all of your calculations)

2. Mathematics
Functional Skills
Fractions

3. Learning objectives Today we will: Use simple fractions
Use techniques to simplify fractions
Add and subtract using fractions
Use checking procedures to check calculations

4. Level 1 question
Joe spends £15 on petrol. This fills ¾ of his tank. How much extra would Joe need to pay so that the tank is full?
Workings out:
¾ is the same as saying 3 out of 4 parts.
To work out what 1 part is worth we need to divide the cost by 3
15÷3= 5 … so 1 part costs £5
Joe would need to spend £5 more to fill his petrol tank.

5. 1 4 What is a fraction? This is the numerator (the top number)
This is the number that tells you how many parts we are dealing with.
This is the denominator
(the bottom number)
This is the number that
tells you how many parts
there are in total

6. What is a fraction?
Fractions are a way of expressing part of a whole thing
The cake is cut into 4 slices
Therefore there are
4 x ¼

7. 3 tells us how many parts there are in the whole pizza
What is a fraction?
The whole pizza = 1
2 slices of the pizza = 2/3
2 tells us how much
we have
3 tells us how many parts there are in the whole pizza

8. Showing a fraction
Fractions are used to describe a part of a whole thing. Each part must be of equal size.
All these rectangles
show there are 3/10 shaded

9. How do we write fractions?
word
plural
One half (A half)
halves
1/3
One third
thirds
One quarter
quarters
1/5
One fifth
fifths
1/6
One sixth
sixths
1/7
One seventh
sevenths
1/8
One eighth
eighths
1/9
One ninth
ninths
1/10
One tenth
tenths

10. Simplifying fractions
There are 8 parts in the whole of this gauge.
How full is the petrol tank?

11. Therefore there is a quarter of a tank of petrol = ¼
Answer
Always try to show the fraction in the lowest numbers possible.
We do this by dividing the top and the bottom number by the same number. In this example we can divide 2 and 8 by 2
So 2/8 is the same as ¼
Therefore there is a quarter of a tank of petrol = ¼

12. Reducing Fractions 16/36 Reduce the following fraction:
Divide both numbers by 2 = 8/18
Divide both again by 2= 4/9
Therefore 16/36 is the same as 4/9

13. So, the survey found a quarter of learners smoked.
Making fractions
Fractions are sometimes presented as information rather than as numbers
60 learners were questioned in a recent survey, 15 were found to be smokers.
So, to make this into fractions:
Take the total number = 60
The amount that were smokers = 15
= 15/60
Can we reduce this?
Yes= ¼
So, the survey found a quarter of learners smoked.

14. Finding the fraction of a number
Jeans in the sale
1/3 off!
Original cost is £45
One third = 1/3
£45/3 = £15 is a third of the total price
£45-£15 = £30

15. Finding the fraction of a number
For Example: ¾ of 500g
Divide the total number: 500g
by the denominator (the bottom number) which gives you the unit value (the amount for ¼)
500g/4 = 125g
Then multiply by the numerator (top number)
to give you the value you require:
125g x 3 = 375g

16. Bank
The bank you work at have started a new scheme where their customers that are in overdraft must pay ¼ of their debt back within 30 days. Work out how much each person must pay back?
Name
Amount
Joe Webb
Overdrawn by £200
Ann Harding
Overdrawn by £40
John Smith
Overdrawn by £120

17. Bank
The bank have recently conducted a survey on their customers. 200 people are years old 400 people are 19 – 24 years old 700 people are years old 900 people are years old 300 people are 65+ years old What is the fraction of people between 19 and 39? What is this fraction when simplified?

18. Simplify the fractions…
Customers have paid the following amounts to begin to pay off their overdraft. Simplify the fractions below.
£300 paid of £450
£50 paid of £600
£400 paid of £1000
£60 paid of £120
£30 paid of £40
£45 paid of £90
£110 paid of £450

19. Mathematics
Functional skills
Percentages

20. Learning objectives Today we will:
Identify equivalences between fractions and percentages.
Find what a value is as a percentage
Add and subtract percentages from amounts
Convert fractions into percentages
Use appropriate checking procedures when carrying out calculations

21. Level 1 Functional skills question
A TV costs £280. In a sale, the cost is reduced by 40%. How much will the TV now cost?
ANSWER:
To work out a percentage you must use the following formula…
(Amount ÷ 100) x %
so… 280 ÷ 100 x 40 = 112
Now we must take £112 from the original cost…
280 – 112 = £168
The TV will now cost £168

22. Percentages: The basics
Percent means “per every 100”
Percentages are always out of 100
If 10% was to be written as a fraction, it would be 10/100
100% is equal to a whole

23. (Amount ÷ 100) x % Percentage machine 20% of 400 = 15% of 60 =

24. Bank accounts
10/15 people have more than one bank account 70/80 people have been in overdraft before 5/100 have a credit card AND a savings account 80/200 people have direct debits set up Simplify these facts and then convert the fractions into percentages. Remember to check your answers using a checking procedure (rounding/reversing)

25. Banks and Loans…
A customer has taken out a loan of £1000 pounds. The interest on the loan is 5% a year. They have had the loan for 3 years now. How much do they now need to pay back. (Note: You will need to work out what 5% of the amount is and then add it to the loan. You then need to work out 5% of the new amount, and so on for the 3 years)

26. Complete the missing figures
Account holder
Amount from 2010
Increase in profit (%)
Amount in 2011
Person
£5,102
10%
B. Anks
£80, 980
30%
V. Rich
£32, 654 5%
M. Oney
£10, 809 2%
E. Gold
£200, 902
L. Cheque
£4, 598
50%
H. Penny
£17, 858
25%

27. Case study
Jamie wants to buy a new car. He has £600 in savings. The car he wants to buy is £2400. What percentage of the final amount does he already have? Show how you would check your answer.

28. Case study
Jamie decides that he will take a loan out of the bank for £2000 to help him pay for the car. The bank have said that he can have the loan, but will need to pay a 5% interest. How much in total will Jamie need to pay back to the bank?