1. Logic Gates and Memory

2. Logic Gate Operation
A logic gates senses inputs, in the form of voltage, and determines the output based on a predetermined set of rules

3. Gates
The two most basic types of Gates are “OR” and “AND”

4. OR - Gates
“OR” gates output a voltage if EITHER input senses voltage

5. AND - Gates
“AND” gates output a voltage when BOTH inputs sense voltage

6. Wiring

7. Wiring
For an “OR” gate, EITHER pins 6 or 7 being HIGH could turn on the LED
For an “AND” gate, BOTH would need to be HIGH

8. Wiring
Each Logic Gate chip contains multiple individual Logic Gates

9. Wiring

10. Wiring

11. Wiring

12. Wiring

13. Symbols
Logic gate types can be shown using specific symbols

14. Logic Tables
Every logic gate has a table summarizing its logic

15. NOTES A lack of 5V does not constitute 0V
The output of one logic gate can be the input to another

16. NOTES
Gates can be designed with multiple inputs

17. NOTES
There are many ways to produce a gate’s inputs, such as a button, or Arduino pin

18. Complete the Logic Gate Lab

19. Memory

20. Memory How Flip-Flop Memory Works
A voltage (HIGH or LOW) is placed on the ‘D’ pin
When the ‘Clock’ pin goes LOW → HIGH, the state of the ‘D’ pin will be stored in the ‘Q’ pin