1. α β γ σ ρ ε ζ τ Eudicots Angiosperms (ca. 400,000 species) Monocots
green plants
land plants
vascular plants
seed plants
flowering plants
diversification of angiosperms
ANA ε
Ginkgo
Taxus
Pinus
Cedrus
Sequoia
Welwitschia
Ephedra
Lycophytes (ca species)
Physcomitrium sp.
Chlorophytes
(ca species)
100
200
300
400
Mya
500
AGF
Charophytes (ca. 12,000 species)
Sphagnum sp.
Physcomitrella
Monilophytes (ca. 13,000 species)
Cretaceous–Tertiary extinction event
Vitis (grapevine)
Solanum (tomato, potato)
Arabidopsis
Carica (papaya)
Populus (poplar)
Linum (flax)
Brassica (kale, rapeseed)
Glycine (soybean)
Malus (apple tree)
Musa (banana)
Oryza (rice)
Triticum (wheat)
Zea (maize) β α γ ρ σ τ
Nicotiana (tobacco)
Petunia ζ
Bryophytes (ca. 20,000 species)
Gymnosperms (ca species)
Green algae
‘Pteridophytes’
Angiosperms (ca. 400,000 species)
Eudicots
Monocots
Basal Angiosperms