1. IES LA PUEBLA DE ALFINDÉN
PERFECT MODALS
Unit 7
IES LA PUEBLA DE ALFINDÉN

2. MODAL VERB + HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE
PERFECT MODALS: FORM
MUST
HAVE
+PAST PARTICIPLE
MAY/MIGHT
COULD
SHOULD
CAN’T/COULDN’T
MODAL VERB + HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE
IES LA PUEBLA DE ALFINDÉN

3. PERFECT MODALS : 1. MUST HAVE +PAST PARTICIPLE
MUST HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE: WE USE IT TO EXPRESS A LOGICAL CONCLUSION OF A PAST EVENT.
He MUST HAVE BEEN upset when he learned about the murder.
IES LA PUEBLA DE ALFINDÉN

4. PERFECT MODALS : 2.MAY/MIGHT HAVE +PAST PARTICIPLE
MAY / MIGHT HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE: WE USE THEM TO MAKE AN ASSUMPTION OF A PAST EVENT AND TO EXPRESS THE POSSIBILITY THAT SOMETHING WAS TRUE.
She can’t find her phone. She MAY/MIGHT HAVE LEFT it in the restaurant.
Her wallet is missing. Someone MAY/MIGHT HAVE STOLEN it.
IES LA PUEBLA DE ALFINDÉN

5. PERFECT MODALS : 3. COULD HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE
COULD HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE: WE USE IT TO INDICATE THAT SOMEONE HAD THE ABILITY OR POSSIBILITY TO DO SOMETHING IN THE PAST BUT DIDN’T DO IT AND TO EXPRESS THE POSSIBILITY THAT SOMETHING WAS TRUE.
They COULD HAVE DISCOVERED the truth, but they didn’t try.
He COULD HAVE LOST his way.
IES LA PUEBLA DE ALFINDÉN

6. PERFECT MODALS : 4.SHOULD HAVE+ PAST PARTICIPLE
SHOULD HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE: WE USE IT TO CRITICISE SOMETHING THAT HAS ALREADY HAPPENED OR TO REGRET THAT WHAT WAS EXPECTED DIDN’T HAPPEN.
You SHOULD HAVE LOOKED INTO the situation.
I SHOULD HAVE GONE with you.
IES LA PUEBLA DE ALFINDÉN

7. PERFECT MODALS : 5.CAN’T/COULDN’T HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE
CAN’T/COULDN’T HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE: WE USE THEM WHEN WE FEEL SURE THAT SOMETHING WAS NOT POSSIBLE.
You CAN’T/COULDN’T HAVE SEEN a tiger. There are no tigers in this area.
IES LA PUEBLA DE ALFINDÉN