1. I. Intro to Acids & Bases Definitions Properties Uses

2. HCl + H2O  H3O+ + Cl– A. Definitions Acids
Ionize to form hydronium ions (H3O+) in water
HCl + H2O  H3O+ + Cl–

3. NH3 + H2O  NH4+ + OH- A. Definitions Bases
Dissociate or ionize to form hydroxide ions (OH-) in water
NH3 + H2O  NH4+ + OH-

4. A. Definitions Indicator
substance that changes color in an acid or base
Examples:
litmus - red/blue
phenolphthalein - colorless/pink
goldenrod - yellow/red
red cabbage juice - pink/green

5. B. Properties ACIDS BASES sour taste corrosive electrolytes
turn litmus red
react with metals to form H2 gas
bitter taste
corrosive
electrolytes
turn litmus blue
slippery feel

6. C. Uses ACIDS H3PO4 - soft drinks, fertilizer, detergents
H2SO4 - fertilizer, car batteries
HCl - gastric juice
HC2H3O2 - vinegar

7. C. Uses BASES NaOH - lye, drain and oven cleaner
Mg(OH)2 - laxative, antacid
NH3 - cleaners, fertilizer