1. Mosquito Control Matters
Gary Goodman
General Manager
Sacramento-Yolo Mosquito & Vector Control District
Good afternoon and thank u for being here today and making this day a priority. My name is LMR and I’m the PIO with the District.
As you know, our District is collaborating with the City of Davis on this community based mosquito control program where the city is seeking volunteers to assist with mosquito control activities that we’ll be discussing today.
This is the first meeting we have for the potential volunteers participating in this project and to start we want to give you an overview of the work the District does. In essence, the presentation I’m about to give is divided into 2 sections, first of all, I’ll be providing an overview of the District, talk about WNV, and our integrated mosquito management approach and the second half of the presentation will focus on the a discussion regarding the volunteer opportunities you may be involved in.

2. Sacramento and Yolo Counties
~1.5 million Residents
Urban
Yolo:
~300,000 Residents
Ag/Rural
Our District provides mosquito control services to almost 1.5million residents within both of the counties we serve

4. District Species 53 California species 24 District species
Different habitats, behavior, blood sources

5. Mosquito Life Cycle 4 development stages (egg/larva/pupa/adult)
Immature stages need standing water (egg/larva/pupa)

6. Egg Morphology Eggs laid in a boat-shaped raft (or singly)
White when first laid
Then darken to a light brown in a few hours
1.0 mm long, one end bluntly rounded and the other pointed

7. Length from egg to adult?
3 to 5 days for flood water species [i.e. Aedes]
7 to 10 days for standing water species [i.e Culex]
14 to 21 days for rice field species [i.e Anopheles]

8. Feeding Habits
Only the female bites
Males feed on plant juices

9. What Attracts Mosquitoes To A Host?
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Perspiration
Warmth
Body odor

10. When Are Mosquitoes Most Active?
All year round
Time of day
Dusk and Dawn (Culex & Anopheles)
Daytime (Aedes)

11. How Long Do Mosquitoes Live?
Depends on season (winter/summer) and species
In summer 2 weeks
Aedes longer lived than Culex.

12. How Far Can A Mosquito Fly From A Development Site?
Flight Range
Distance
Species
Short
Few blocks to a mile
Cx. pipiens
Ae. sierrensis
Medium
3 to 10 miles
Cx. tarsalis
Long
10 to 40 miles
An. freeborni
Ae. melanimon

13. When Does Mosquito Season Begin?
January-February
Temperature
Warm spell in February
March-April
Temperatures continue to warm
Spring showers bring May mosquitoes
May-October
Active species: Anopheles, Aedes, Culex

14. Mosquitoes of Concern

15. Anopheles “Rice Field” mosquito Overwinters as adult in late fall
First warm days of winter very aggressive
Circle of Life

16. Aedes sierrensis AKA the “Tree hole” Mosquito
Commonly found in
Urban areas with trees
Vicious mammal biter
Does not fly far
Responsible for Dog Heartworm
Early Spring

17. Culex Culex tarsalis Culex pipiens Common Name: Encephalitis mosquito
Common Name: Northern House Mosquito

18. Invasive Species?
Ongoing surveillance for invasive mosquito species within our District area
Invasive mosquitoes are well established throughout central and southern California. These are aggressive day biting mosquitoes capable of transmitting Zika, dengue and chikungunya

20. Adult Mosquito Surveillance
Sac-Yolo Locker Trap
Gravid Trap
American Light Trap
BG Counter Traps

21. Encephalitis virus surveillance
Dead bird collections
Sentinel chickens
EVS (live mosquitoes)

22. Invasive species surveillance
Aedes albopictus
Aedes aegypti

24. Invasive species surveillance

25. Immature mosquito surveillance
Field technicians collect samples
Laboratory technicians identify
Update database

26. Pesticide resistance testing and management
Test mosquito populations for resistance to pesticides

27. Public health vector identification

28. Insectary

29. Sacramento County Public Health Lab

30. Laboratory Programs Adult and immature mosquito surveillance
Encephalitis virus (WEE, WNV, SLE) surveillance
Invasive species surveillance
Malaria and Dengue surveillance
Yellowjacket surveillance
Tick and tick disease surveillance
Africanized honeybee surveillance
Public health vector identification
Pesticide resistance management
Research and special projects

31. Research and special projects
University of California researchers
Other universities
Manufacturers / Industry

32. Mosquito-Transmitted Diseases
Malaria
Zika
Chikungunya
Dog-Heartworm
Encephalitis
WEE and SLE
West Nile virus
Next one has yet to be determined

33. WNV Activity in California
Year Human Cases Potential Cases
,000-15,000
,000-27,000
,000-23,000
,000-41,000
,000-39,000
,000-17,000
**WNV is extremely under reported. The Centers for Disease Control estimates that for every neuroinvasive case confirmed, there are approximately cases that are not reported**
These are the numbers of confirmed human cases for the past 5 years.
Its important to note that often times, the disease goes undiagnosed. The CDC estimates that for every case reported there are others that are not reported.

34. How you can help…

43. What Is A Homeowner To Do?
Follow the 7Ds
Drain
Dress
Avoid Dusk & Dawn
Defend
Doors/windows
District
You can
do these
too!

44. After the rain, remember to DRAIN!
Clean out gutters
Empty containers

46. DRESS Protectively! More clothes, less skin!
A bit impractical in Sacramento Valley

47. Mosquitoes are most Active and Feeding at DAWN AND DUSK
Avoid DAWN AND DUSK
Mosquitoes are most Active and Feeding at DAWN AND DUSK
…again, admittedly tough to do on the warm valley floor

48. Protect yourself ! Repellents (CDC Website) DEET Picaridin
23.8% DEET = ~5 hours of protection
20% DEET = ~4 hours of protection
6.65% DEET = ~2 hours of protection
4.75% DEET = ~1.5 hour of protection.
Picaridin
Oil of Lemon Eucalyptus
IR 3535

49. What defense does “not work”
Garlic, Dryer sheets,
Bananas, B-1 vitamins
If a little is good,
a lot is better….NOT!

50. Doors and Windows Mosquitoes feed at night Generally no defense!
Don’t let them in!

51. Contact your District Advice Trained Personnel Surveillance
IPM Control

52. Report Dead Birds Report dead birds to the dead bird hotline:
1-877-WNV-BIRD
Or online at:

53. Prevention: What Can You Do?
Follow the District D’s
DRAIN Standing Water
DAWN and DUSK Are Times To Avoid Being Outdoors
DRESS In Long Sleeves & Pants When Outside
DEFEND Yourself With An Effective Repellent
DOORS and Screens Should Be In Good Working Condition
DISTRICT Personnel Are Available To Help

54. Mosquito and Vector Control
Sacramento-Yolo
Mosquito and Vector Control
District
These are some of the preliminary volunteer ideas we’ve collaboratively come up with the City of Davis. As we gauge interest, total number of volunteers and availability perhaps we will continue to expand.
Thank you for your time and participation!