1. FDR and the New Deal
Relief, Recovery, Reform
Hyde Park, New York

3. Who was Franklin Delano Roosevelt
Franklin was born into a wealthy, well known family.
He was a liberal Democrat
Married to Eleanor Roosevelt, a niece of Teddy Roosevelt.
During WWI, he was assistant secretary of the navy
He became Senator of New York
In 1920, he was the Democratic candidate for Vice President, but his political career was halted…WHY?

5. Franklin and Eleanor were fifth cousins who always knew one another.
Two brothers

6. Franklin and Eleanor were fifth cousins once removed

10. FDR’s is struck with Polio
How did Polio affect FDR’s life?
It is a disease that can damage the nervous system and cause paralysis.
FDR struggled to rebuild his strength.
He purchased a resort at Warm Springs, Georgia, where he founded a hydrotherapy center for the treatment of polio patients which still operates as the Roosevelt Warm Springs Institute for Rehabilitation.
His disease brought him closer to the common people.
It gave him the chance to meet working and middle class Americans and hear about their struggles.

11. What is Polio?
Nonparalytic polio Some people who develop symptoms from the poliovirus contract nonparalytic polio — a type of polio that doesn't lead to paralysis (abortive polio). This usually causes the same mild, flu-like signs and symptoms typical of other viral illnesses.
Signs and symptoms, which generally last one to 10 days, include:
Fever
Sore throat
Headache
Vomiting
Fatigue
Back pain or stiffness
Neck pain or stiffness
Pain or stiffness in the arms or legs
Muscle spasms or tenderness
Meningitis
Paralytic polio In rare cases, poliovirus infection leads to paralytic polio, the most serious form of the disease. Paralytic polio has several types, based on the part of your body that's affected — your spinal cord (spinal polio), your brainstem (bulbar polio) or both (bulbospinal polio).
Initial signs and symptoms of paralytic polio, such as fever and headache, often mimic those of nonparalytic polio. Within a week, however, signs and symptoms specific to paralytic polio appear, including:
Loss of reflexes
Severe muscle aches or spasms
Loose and floppy limbs (flaccid paralysis), often worse on one side of the body
The onset of paralysis may be sudden.

12. The STORY
Franklin D. Roosevelt’s paralytic illness began in 1921, when the future President of the United States was 39 years of age and vacationing with his family at their summer home on Campobello Island.
Roosevelt was diagnosed with polio two weeks after he fell ill.
He was left with permanent paralysis from the waist down, and was unable to stand or walk without support.
He laboriously taught himself to walk very short distances while wearing iron braces on his hips and legs by swiveling his torso, supporting himself with a cane, and he was careful never to be seen using his wheelchair in public.
His bout with illness was well known before and during his Presidency and became a major part of his image, but the extent of his paralysis was kept from public view.

13. How can Polio be contracted?
The poliovirus resides only in humans and enters the environment in the feces of someone who's infected.
Poliovirus spreads primarily through the fecal-oral route, especially in areas where sanitation is inadequate.
Poliovirus can be transmitted through contaminated water and food or through direct contact with someone infected with the virus.
Polio is so contagious that anyone living with a recently infected person is likely to become infected, too.
People carrying the poliovirus can spread the virus for weeks in their feces.
Advertisement in comic books 1940s

14. FDR and Polio…

15. The Public wants CHANGE
FDR is elected president in 1932.
“I pledge myself to a new deal for the American people.”

16. What States did Hoover win in the 1932 Presidential Election?

18. The Hundred Days
FDR’s first 100 days in office where he proposed and Congress passed 15 Bills.
FDR sought advice from economic experts, in order to learn how to solve the Great Depression.
These men were called the “Brain trust”
A group of intelligent academic advisers that met with FDR to find a way out of the Great Depression
He urged his staff to “take a method and try it”

19. The First Step to Recovery
1st: The Banking System
FDR declares a “Bank Holiday”.
Banks were closed for a week to assess their situation.
Emergency Banking Relief Act:
Closed banks until they were ready to be reopened.
Some banks never reopened.
Did every bank that closed reopen?
Did people lose their money?

20. What is happening in this political cartoon?

21. FDR’s fireside chats
FDR’s “fireside chats” were radio broadcasts with the American public.
He clearly explained the bank act and how it was now safe to deposit money at a local bank.
RESULT:
People felt more secure and understood exactly what was happening.
Americans began depositing their money into the banks which made the banking system stronger.

23. FDR’s fireside chat via the radio.

24. Fireside chats

28. Flood of New Laws!
FDR had Congress pass 15 major new laws between March 9th-June 16th, 1933 (Hundred Days)
Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC): hired unemployed single men between the ages of 18 and 25.
They planted trees, built bridges, worked on flood control projects, and developed new parks.

29. Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA): gave money to state and local agencies to distribute to the unemployed.
Works Progress Administration (WPA): Put the jobless to work building hospitals, schools, parks, playgrounds, and airports.
It also employed artists, photographers, actors, writers, and composers.
These people collected information about American life, folklore, and traditions.

30. WPA Art

31. Agricultural Adjustment Administration (AAA): the government paid farmers NOT to grow certain amount of crops so that prices would rise.
Tennessee Valley Administration (TVA): set out to remake the Tennessee River Valley.
40 dams were built to control flooding
Cheap electric power was produced
Controversial- federal government competing against the private sector.
Public Works Administration (PWA): hired workers to build public schools, aircraft carriers, and other public work projects.
The Golden Gate Bridge and the Lincoln Tunnel are two examples.

33. The PWA built this… ASM AKA AMS

34. What is the main idea of this political cartoon?

35. Long-Term Reforms
The following are changes to protect the investor and depositor from what previously happened.
Truth-in-Securities Act: designed to end wild speculation
risky buying and selling of stocks in the hope of making a quick profit
Experts said that speculation led to the stock market crash.
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC): insured savings account in banks approved by the government.
If a bank under the FDIC failed, the government would make sure to pay depositors their money.

36. All of the new agencies, acts, and laws instituted during the New Deal were soon called “Alphabet Agencies”