1. Update on the Audit of Available Fracture Models for PWRI

2. Essential PWRI Mechanisms
Modeling of Fracturing Geometry
Coupling with Reservoir Model
Modeling of Damage due to Suspended Solids and Oil-in-Water.

3. Modeling of Fracture Geometry
How are the pressure and the fracture opening related - 2D, P3D or true 3D?
Does the model consider multiple layer formation?
How is fracture propagation determined - fracture mechanics-based?
Are thermal stress, pore pressure inflation considered?

4. Coupling with Reservoir Model
Temperature, pore pressure, stress, leakoff, saturation are changing due to long-term injection and reservoir heterogeneity.
In order to model these changes, the fracturing model need to be coupled with a reservoir model.
Is the fracture model coupled with a reservoir model - No, Partially or Fully?

5. Modeling of Damage
Is internal damage (damage due to solids and oil drops pass into the formation) considered?
Are external (or filter) cake and tip plugging considered?
Is damage lumped together with a wall-building leak-off relation?
Is filter-cake erosion considered?

8. S.I.F = Stress Intensity Factor

11. Summary Is the Fracturing Model 2D, P3D or True 3D?
Is the Model Coupled with Reservoir Modeling?
Is Damage due to Suspended Solids and Oil-in-Water Considered in the Model? How?