1. BELLRINGER
Think back to when we discussed active and passive transport. What was the difference between these two different types of transport?

2. Objectives
We will be able to list the differences between producers and consumers.
We will be able to explain how the processes of photosynthesis and respiration store and release energy.
We will be able to describe how cells get energy from glucose through fermentation.

3. Section 3: Energy for Life
Where does our energy come from?
The chemical energy stored in food molecules is changed inside of cells into forms needed to perform all the activities necessary for life.

4. Metabolism – the total of all chemical reactions in an organism
Require the use of enzymes to take place
Enzymes – speed the chemical reactions up

5. Photosynthesis Producers – organisms that make their own food
Ex. Plants
Consumers – organisms that cannot make their own food
Ex. Humans, rabbits
Photosynthesis – through this process, producers use light energy to make sugars, which they can use as food

6. 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + light energy  C6H12O6 + 6 O2
Carbon dioxide + water + light energy  sugar + oxygen

7. Producers that use photosynthesis are green because they contain the pigment chlorophyll.
Chlorophyll – is found in the chloroplasts of the cell and captures light energy

8. Respiration – During respiration, chemical reactions occur to break down food molecules into simpler substances and release their stored energy.
6O2 + C6H12O6 6CO2 + 6H2O

9. Fermentation – when cells do not have enough oxygen for respiration
Occurs in cytoplasm
Ex. Muscle cells use fermentation to change molecules to lactic acid while releasing energy
Presence of lactic acid is why your muscle cells might feel stiff or sore
Ex. Bacteria and yeast

10. Related Processes
Producers use photosynthesis to make food. All living things use respiration or fermentation to release energy stored in food
Photosynthesis produces sugars and oxygen and respiration uses these products. The CO2 and H2O produced during respiration are used during photosynthesis.