1. GEOGRAPHY & CULTURE

2. What is Culture?
Culture is the beliefs, customs, practices, and behaviors of a particular nation or group of people
A cultural trait is an idea or way of doing things that is common in a certain culture
Where do we learn cultural traits from? Parents, media, friends, school
Can cultural traits change or do they stay the same? Give some examples. They change (clothing styles)

3. Ethnicity, Race, & Nationalism
An ethnicity is a group of people who share cultural traits such as language, music, food, and religion
People of the same ethnic group often share a home region.
A race is a group of people with similar physical traits.
Each race includes several ethnicities, with a variety of cultural traits
Nationalism - loyalty or devotion to a nation or ethnic group
Nationalists believe that all people in a nation belong to one group, regardless of ethnicity or race
For example, many ethnicities, such as Italian and Greek, are part of the Caucasian, or white, race.
For example, a nationalist believes that people of every ethnicity and race in the U.S. share a distinct American culture. A nation’s flag and national anthem are important cultural symbols of nationalism.

4. Culture & Geography
Humans can shape their environment by creating cultural landscapes, or geographic areas that have been shaped by people.
environment can also shape culture
A culture region is an area in which a single culture or cultural trait is dominant
Common traits that unify a culture region include shared religion or language
The cultural landscape of a place reflects how its people meet their basic needs for food, clothing, and shelter. These landscapes differ from one culture to another, because people of different cultures use the land in different ways. They build houses differently. They plant farm fields and build settlements differently.
In Canada, French Canadian culture dominates much of the province of Quebec. The people of Quebec who have this culture identify themselves as French Canadian or Québécois (kay bek wah). The music, food, religion, history, and French language of the Québécois make Quebec a distinct culture region of Canada. The United States also has several culture regions.
Culture regions are often different from political units. Occasionally, a culture region may cover an entire country. In Japan, for example, nearly everyone speaks the same language, eats the same food, and follows the same customs. A country may also include more than one culture region. For example, the French Canadian culture region of Quebec is one of several culture regions in Canada.

5. What role did environment play in the building of this house?

6. Seven Elements of

7. ocial organization: organizing members of society into smaller units
A society is a group of humans with a shared culture who have organized themselves to meet their basic needs
The most basic unit of any society is the family
nuclear family: includes wife, husband, and children
extended family: several generations living in one household
social classes: a group of people living in similar economic conditions

8. ustoms and traditions teach and reflect our culture
Socialization is the process that teaches people the rules, beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors that are acceptable in a society
social pressure is used to enforce minor rules of behavior
Ideas about right and wrong are enforced by laws

9. on the back of the lyric sheet!
Bell Work
Take out Culture Core Concepts notes.
Read the lyrics to “Youth of the Nation” by P.O.D.
Choose a favorite song, TV show, movie, or book and write a sentence describing why it is meaningful to you.
on the back of the lyric sheet!

10. anguage reflects a culture’s identity
Look at the map that shows the locations of the world’s major language groups. Languages in each of these groups share a common ancestor. This ancestor was a language spoken so long ago that it gradually changed to become several related languages.

11. rts & Literature teach us about a culture’s values
Works of art can reflect a society by dealing with topics or issues that are important to that society. Art can even shape society, as contemporary issues influence creative expressions. For example, books that describe poverty or environmental problems can help win public support for solving those problems.
Works of art can reflect a society by dealing with topics or issues that are important to that society. Art can even shape society, as contemporary issues influence creative expressions. For example, books that describe poverty or environmental problems can help win public support for solving those problems. In 1962, for example, Rachel Carson described the harmful effects of pesticides on the environment in the book Silent Spring. The book became a best seller. It led to stricter controls on the use of pesticides in the U.S.

12. The worship of one god: monotheism
eligion is a system of worship and belief, including belief about the nature of a god or gods
The worship of one god: monotheism
The worship of more than one god: polytheism

13. Sikhism Sikhism is based on the writings of several gurus, or prophets
Sikhism Sikhism is based on the writings of several gurus, or prophets. Guru Nanak founded Sikhism about a.d in South Asia. Sikhism’s teachings include the cycle of rebirth and the search for enlightenment. There are about 24 million Sikhs.

14. Republic - people choose leaders who represent them G
overnment is a group of people who have the power to make and enforce laws for a country
Democracy is a form of government in which citizens hold political power; citizens are the ultimate source of government power and authority.
In a direct democracy, citizens come together to pass laws and select leaders.
Republic - people choose leaders who represent them
Monarchy is a country ruled by a king or queen

15. conomics is the study of how people meet their wants and needs
Economics involves supply and demand
Demand is the desire for a certain good or service
Supply is the amount that is offered for sale
Supply and demand are connected to price
The law of supply says that as market prices rise, supply will increase and vice versa
The law of demand says as prices rise, demand for products will decrease and vice versa

16. supply
demand
You sell apples. You want to set a price. How do you determine what price to sell your apples? Supply and demand determine that.

17. Generally, a low supply and a high demand increases price
Generally, a low supply and a high demand increases price. In contrast, a high supply and a low demand decreases price

18. How
Changes

19. Science - the active process of acquiring knowledge of the natural world
Technology - the skills and tools that people use

20. Environmental change - People tend to settle in areas that have favorable geographic conditions, such as bodies of water, flat land with fertile soil, and moderate temperatures.
But what if the geographic conditions change?
Cultural diffusion is the spread of cultural traits from one culture to another

21. Work together to come up with examples of diffusion
DIFFUSION - examples
Work together to come up with examples of diffusion
The spread of music (jazz started as a blend of the music of Africa and the Caribbean)
Popularity of foods from different countries (sushi)
People in the United States celebrate Cinco de Mayo.
The worldwide popularity of Christianity, Islam, and Buddhism
Inventions like paper and gunpowder
The English language (it contains many words from other languages)