1. Independence Movements in Latin America

5. The American and French Revolutions took place in the late 1700s.
Within twenty years, the ideas and examples of these revolutions influenced the people of Latin America to establish independent nations, most notably in Haiti and Mexico.

6. Toussaint L’Ouverture
Born a slave
Granted freedom in 1777
Formed his own army
L’Ouverture- nickname meaning “the opening”
Inspired by revolutions in France and America
Led the revolt in Haiti

7. Contributions of Toussaint L’Ouverture
Results:
Defeated the armies of three foreign powers: Spain, France, and Britain.
Abolished slavery
Won independence

8. The Haitian Revolution 1791–1804
Very brutal insurrection

10. Simon Bolivar Began campaign to rebel against royalty
Native-born resident who led revolutionary efforts
Began campaign to rebel against royalty
Influenced by Rousseau
Supported a constitutional monarchy
Hoped to unite with Venezuela and Columbia (Gran Columbia)

11. Simon Bolivar el Libertador Began campaign to rebel against royalty
Native-born resident who led revolutionary efforts
Began campaign to rebel against royalty
Influenced by Rousseau

12. Simon Bolivar Columbia 1810: Part of Gran Columbia in 1819
1828: Gran Columbia broke into various nations

13. José de San Martín
Brazil/1822
Area controlled by Portugal