1. DHMBA BHT CGA Catechin VC VE DHA EPA
Concentration (mM)
Supplemental Figure 1. Representative phase-contrast micrographs of C3A cells treated with DHMBA, BHT,
chlorogenic acid (CGA), catechin, vitamin C (VC), vitamin E (VE), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and
eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). C3A cells were seeded onto a 24-well plate and incubated with the antioxidants
and polyunsaturated fatty acids at concentrations of mM for 24 h.

2. Supplemental Figure 2. Representative flow cytometric quadrantal diagrams on DHMBA
and CGA. Apoptotic and necrotic cells (C3A) are plotted in the areas of R3 and R5, respectively.
X-axis, propidium iodide; Y-axis, Annexin V.
0 μM
125 μM
250 μM
500 μM
CGA
DHMBA
22.6%
22.2%
7.23%
8.42%
8.09%
7.52%
6.75%
2.30%
4.49%
5.86%
24.9%
18.8%
12.7%
6.30%
24.1%

3. 5 10
Time (min) 20 40 60 80
100
Relative Abundance
1.3 A
1.7 C
[M-H]-
153.00
153.05
m/z 50
C7H5O4 B
166
168
C8H9O4 D
Supplemental Figure 3. Qualitative profiles of oyster extracts obtained by use of LC/LTQ Orbitrap in negative-ion mode. A and B show the extracted ion mass chromatogram and mass spectrum, respectively, of gentisic acid. In the same way, corresponding data for DHMBA, daidzein, and matairesinol are shown in C/D, E/F, and G/H, respectively.
1.6 E
253.0
C15H9O4 F
2.3 G
355
360
C20H21O6 H

4. Supplemental Table 1
Phenolic compounds identified in oyster extracts from spectra by LC–LTQ Orbitrap in negtive-ion mode.
Theo. Mass
Exp. Mass
Mass accuracy
Phenolic
Element
[M-H]-
Compounds
Composition
(m/z)
(ppm)
Gentisic Acid
C7H5O4
1.96
DHMBA
C8H9O4
1.77
Daidzein
C15H9O4
-4.74
Matairesinol
C20H21O6
0.28
Theo. Mass, theoretical mass; Exp. Mass, experimental mass.

5. Supplemental Table 2.
Polyphenols detected and not detected in oyster extracts.
Classification
Polyphenol
Detection
non-flavonoids
caffeic acid nd
DHMBA
detected
dithranol
ferulic acid
gallic acid
gentisic acid
hydroxytyrosol
matairesinol
phloridzin
resveratrol
secoisolariciresinol
flavonoids
apigenin
catechin
cyanidin
epigallocatechin
eriodictyol
daidzein
genistein
kaempferol
luteolin
malvidin
naringenin
quercetin
taxifolin
nd, not detected.