1. eXiT
PETRI NET BASED AGENTS FOR COORDINATING RESOURCES IN A WORKFLOWMANAGEMENT SYSTEM
Universitat de Girona
ICAART 2011 – Rome Universitat de Girona
09/10/2019
Beatriz López, Joaquim Meléndez, Pablo Gay, Albert Plà

2. Line up Introduction Background
Agent-Based WMS
Workflow Modeling:
RAPN
Workflow Monitoring
Experimentation & Results
Conclusions
Introduction
Background
Workflow modeling: Resource Aware Petri nets
Agent-Based Workflow Management System
Experimentation and Results
Conclusions and Future Work
ICAART 2011 – Rome Universitat de Girona
09/10/2019

3. Introduction Introduction Background Agent-Based WMS
Workflow Modeling:
RAPN
Workflow Monitoring
Experimentation & Results
Conclusions
Introduction
ICAART 2011 – Rome Universitat de Girona
09/10/2019

4. Introduction Organization Interactions Business Processes Resources
Background
Agent-Based WMS
Workflow Modeling:
RAPN
Workflow Monitoring
Experimentation & Results
Conclusions
Organization Interactions
Schedules & Deadlines
Business Processes
Resources
ICAART 2011 – Rome Universitat de Girona
09/10/2019

5. Introduction Workflow Modeling & Monitoring is Complex Concurrence
Background
Agent-Based WMS
Workflow Modeling:
RAPN
Workflow Monitoring
Experimentation & Results
Conclusions
Workflow Modeling & Monitoring is Complex
Concurrence
Resource Sharing
Organization Cooperation
Critical Deadlines
Dependences Among Workflows
Predictive & Preventive actions
Industrial Process’, Medical Organizations, Hospitals, Business Transactions…
ICAART 2011 – Rome Universitat de Girona
09/10/2019

6. Introduction
Introduction
Background
Agent-Based WMS
Workflow Modeling:
RAPN
Workflow Monitoring
Experimentation & Results
Conclusions
It is important to monitor the whole Workflow Environment instead of locally monitoring single workflows
ICAART 2011 – Rome Universitat de Girona
09/10/2019

7. Introduction
Introduction
Background
Agent-Based WMS
Workflow Modeling:
RAPN
Workflow Monitoring
Experimentation & Results
Conclusions
It is important to monitor the whole Workflow Environment instead of locally monitoring single workflows
ICAART 2011 – Rome Universitat de Girona
09/10/2019

8. Introduction Monitorization through agents Agent A Agent B Agent C
Background
Agent-Based WMS
Workflow Modeling:
RAPN
Workflow Monitoring
Experimentation & Results
Conclusions
Monitorization through agents
Agent A
Agent B
Agent C
Agent D
ICAART 2011 – Rome Universitat de Girona
09/10/2019

9. Background P1 P2 P3 P4 P5 T1 T2 T3 T4 T5
Introduction
Background
Agent-Based WMS
Workflow Modeling:
RAPN
Workflow Monitoring
Experimentation & Results
Conclusions P1 P2 P3 P4 P5 T1 T2 T3 T4 T5
A Petri Net (PN) is a particular vision of a bipartite graph
A Petri Net is a 3-tuple (P,T,A) where
P is a finite set of Places
T is a finite set of Transitions
A is a finite set of Archs which connect P with T and vice versa A: (P x T) U (T x P)
ICAART 2011 – Rome Universitat de Girona
09/10/2019

10. Background
Introduction
Background
Agent-Based WMS
Workflow Modeling:
RAPN
Workflow Monitoring
Experimentation & Results
Conclusions
A Petri Net (PN) is a particular vision of a bipartite graph
A Petri Net is a 3-tuple (P,T,A) where
P is a finite set of Places
T is a finite set of Transitions
A is a finite set of Archs which connect P with T and vice versa A: (P x T) U (T x P)
ICAART 2011 – Rome Universitat de Girona
09/10/2019

11. Background Adds color to tokens Adds Time to the PN Used to model
Introduction
Background
Agent-Based WMS
Workflow Modeling:
RAPN
Workflow Monitoring
Experimentation & Results
Conclusions
Adds color
to tokens
Adds Time to
the PN
Used to model
workflows
ICAART 2011 – Rome Universitat de Girona
09/10/2019

12. Agent – Based Workflow Management System
Introduction
Background
Agent-Based WMS
Workflow Modeling:
RAPN
Workflow Monitoring
Experimentation & Results
Conclusions
Agent – Based Workflow Management System
ICAART 2011 – Rome Universitat de Girona
09/10/2019

13. Workflow Management System
Introduction
Background
Agent-Based WMS
Workflow Modeling:
RAPN
Workflow Monitoring
Experimentation & Results
Conclusions
ICAART 2011 – Rome Universitat de Girona
09/10/2019

14. Workflow Management System
Introduction
Background
Agent-Based WMS
Workflow Modeling:
RAPN
Workflow Monitoring
Experimentation & Results
Conclusions
Monitor both the Bussiness Proces and the Resources
ICAART 2011 – Rome Universitat de Girona
09/10/2019

15. Workflow Modeling: Resource Aware Petri Nets
Introduction
Background
Agent-Based WMS
Workflow Modeling:
RAPN
Workflow Monitoring
Experimentation & Results
Conclusions
Recieves a request from a bussines activity
Business Process
Library
ICAART 2011 – Rome Universitat de Girona
09/10/2019

16. Workflow Modeling: Resource Aware Petri Nets
Introduction
Background
Agent-Based WMS
Workflow Modeling:
RAPN
Workflow Monitoring
Experimentation & Results
Conclusions
Search in the workflow library for the pattern associated to Bpi, Pattern(Bpi) = Wfi.
Business Process
Library
ICAART 2011 – Rome Universitat de Girona
09/10/2019

17. Workflow Modeling: Resource Aware Petri Nets
Introduction
Background
Agent-Based WMS
Workflow Modeling:
RAPN
Workflow Monitoring
Experimentation & Results
Conclusions
If Wfi is not running with other parameters in the WMS, then the WMS loads the workflow from the workflow library
Business Process
Library
ICAART 2011 – Rome Universitat de Girona
09/10/2019

18. Workflow Modeling: Resource Aware Petri Nets
Introduction
Background
Agent-Based WMS
Workflow Modeling:
RAPN
Workflow Monitoring
Experimentation & Results
Conclusions
A new token is created and placed into the corresponding workflow.
Business Process
Library
ICAART 2011 – Rome Universitat de Girona
09/10/2019

19. Workflow Modeling: RAPN
Introduction
Background
Agent-Based WMS
Workflow Modeling:
RAPN
Workflow Monitoring
Experimentation & Results
Conclusions
Usage of a new Petri Net Extension: Resource- Aware Petri Net (RAPN)
Adds the concept of resource to a Workflow Net
Adds the relation between a Resource and a set of connected transitions (Transition Subpath)
ICAART 2011 – Rome Universitat de Girona
09/10/2019

20. Workflow Modeling: RAPN
Cal afegir la definició
Formal? O faig referència al paper?
Introduction
Background
Agent-Based WMS
Workflow Modeling:
RAPN
Workflow Monitoring
Experimentation & Results
Conclusions
A Transition Cannot be fired if there is not an available resource of the required type.
More than one type of resource can be required
The resource is nor released until the last transition is fired
Type: Transport
Resources in the organization: 2
Currently used resources:
Type: Transport
Resources in the organization: 2
Currently used resources:
ICAART 2011 – Rome Universitat de Girona
09/10/2019

21. Workflow Monitoring Monitoring at the task level Agent Based
Introduction
Background
Agent-Based WMS
Workflow Modeling:
RAPN
Workflow Monitoring
Experimentation & Results
Conclusions
Monitoring at the task level
Agent Based
Each agent monitors a single workflow instances
ICAART 2011 – Rome Universitat de Girona
09/10/2019

22. Workflow Monitoring Local Monitoring Agents Global Monitoring Agent
Introduction
Background
Agent-Based WMS
Workflow Modeling:
RAPN
Workflow Monitoring
Experimentation & Results
Conclusions
Local Monitoring Agents
Global Monitoring Agent
ICAART 2011 – Rome Universitat de Girona
09/10/2019

23. Workflow Monitoring Monitors a single workflow instance
Introduction
Background
Agent-Based WMS
Workflow Modeling:
RAPN
Workflow Monitoring
Experimentation & Results
Conclusions
Monitors a single workflow instance
Uses token time information
Rules & Statistical Data
ICAART 2011 – Rome Universitat de Girona
09/10/2019

24. Workflow Monitoring Recieves Delay Warnings
Introduction
Background
Agent-Based WMS
Workflow Modeling:
RAPN
Workflow Monitoring
Experimentation & Results
Conclusions
Recieves Delay Warnings
Decides how to proceed to avoid or minimize the delays
ICAART 2011 – Rome Universitat de Girona
09/10/2019

25. Experimentation and Results
Introduction
Background
Agent-Based WMS
Workflow Modeling:
RAPN
Workflow Monitoring
Experimentation & Results
Conclusions
Experimentation and Results
ICAART 2011 – Rome Universitat de Girona
09/10/2019

26. Experimentation and Results
Introduction
Background
Agent-Based WMS
Workflow Modeling:
RAPN
Workflow Monitoring
Experimentation & Results
Conclusions
Domain: Medical Equipment Reparation Center (extrected from the AIMES[1] project)
Simulation of diferent workflow executions
Parameters of the simulation
Workflow Amount
Workflow Instance Probability
Resource Type and Amount
Deviations on the workflow procedure
[1] ITEA TSI
ICAART 2011 – Rome Universitat de Girona
09/10/2019

27. Experimentation and Results
Introduction
Background
Agent-Based WMS
Workflow Modeling:
RAPN
Workflow Monitoring
Experimentation & Results
Conclusions
Petri Net Editeur
RAPN Converter
.RDP File
XML File
Workflow Simulator
Workflow + Resoruce
Library
Configuration File Editor
XML File
CSV File
Workflow Management System
Implemented with JAVA
ICAART 2011 – Rome Universitat de Girona
09/10/2019

28. Workflow Examples Introduction Background Agent-Based WMS
Workflow Modeling:
RAPN
Workflow Monitoring
Experimentation & Results
Conclusions
Assigning to in-house technicians
Maintenance action generated in the system
Locating the source of the action
Ranking the action (assigning a level)
Classifying the action
Sequential Solution
Technician 1
reparation
Concurrent Solution
Technician 2
reparation
Technician 1
reparation
Technician 2
reparation
Device returned to the medical center
Assigning to an external service provider
Device Check Out
Resoruces:
Technician Type A
Technician Type B
ICAART 2011 – Rome Universitat de Girona
09/10/2019

29. Workflow Examples Technician Type I Technician Type T
Introduction
Background
Agent-Based WMS
Workflow Modeling:
RAPN
Workflow Monitoring
Experimentation & Results
Conclusions
Technician Type I
Technician Type T
Install new device
Device ready
Medical Equipment
recieved
Classify as piece device or full device
Test equipment
Register equipment & test information
Obtain device
Embed new piece to device
Device ready
Technician Type D
ICAART 2011 – Rome Universitat de Girona

30. Diferent Scenarios Scenario 1: Simple experiment
Introduction
Background
Agent-Based WMS
Workflow Modeling:
RAPN
Workflow Monitoring
Experimentation & Results
Conclusions
Scenario 1: Simple experiment
Workflows: RMI+MEEM Resources: 4A, 1 L
Time: 500 units p:0.05
Scenario 2: Increase the complexity of the experiment
Workflows: 2RMI + MEEM Resources: 3A, 1B, 1L
Scenario 3: Increase the typology of workflows
Workflows: 2RMI + MEEM + IINE Resources: 5D, 2T, 2I
Scenario4: Increase concurrency
Workflows: MRMI Resources: 4A, 2B
Time: 500 units p:0.2
Scenario5: Increase resource conflicts
Workflows: Sequential workflows Resources:3A, 2B, 1C
Time: 500 units p:0.1
ICAART 2011 – Rome Universitat de Girona

31. Results: Scenario 1 Workflows: RMI and MEEM
Introduction
Background
Agent-Based WMS
Workflow Modeling:
RAPN
Workflow Monitoring
Experimentation & Results
Conclusions
Workflows: RMI and MEEM
Resources: 4 Technician Type A
1 Technician Staff Leader
Parameters: 500 time units p= 0.05
ICAART 2011 – Rome Universitat de Girona

32. Delays not detected (FN) Erroneous Delay detection (FP)
Results Summary
Introduction
Background
Agent-Based WMS
Workflow Modeling:
RAPN
Workflow Monitoring
Experimentation & Results
Conclusions
Scenario WF
Instantiated
Delays Produced
Delays Detected (TP)
Delays not detected (FN)
Erroneous Delay detection (FP)
On time predicted
(TN)
SC. 1 30 7
7 (100%)
2 (8,69%)
21 (91,31%)
SC. 2 31 10
10 (100%)
2 (9,52%)
19 (90,48%)
SC. 3 26
2 (12,50%)
14 (87,50%)
SC. 4 97 3
3 (100%)
2 (2,12%)
92 (97,88%)
SC. 5 52
3 (7,14%)
39 (92,86%)
Mean
47,2 8
100%
7,98%
92,02%
ICAART 2011 – Rome Universitat de Girona

33. Conclusions and Future Work
Introduction
Background
Agent-Based WMS
Workflow Modeling:
RAPN
Workflow Monitoring
Experimentation & Results
Conclusions
Conclusions and Future Work
ICAART 2011 – Rome Universitat de Girona
09/10/2019

34. Conclusions Encouraging Results in the simulations: Delay anticipation
Introduction
Background
Agent-Based WMS
Workflow Modeling:
RAPN
Workflow Monitoring
Experimentation & Results
Conclusions
RAPN for Workflow Modeling
Agent-Based workflow monitoring system
Based on RAPN
Task level monitorization
Delay Detection
Allow to apply corrective and preventiv actions
Centralized 
Encouraging Results in the simulations:
Delay anticipation
No false negatives
ICAART 2011 – Rome Universitat de Girona
09/10/2019

35. Further Work Incorporation of historical data: Multi Agent System:
Introduction
Background
Agent-Based WMS
Workflow Modeling:
RAPN
Workflow Monitoring
Experimentation & Results
Conclusions
Incorporation of historical data:
Delay Prediction
Delay Minimizing
Multi Agent System:
Distributted approach (prescind the global monitoring agent)
Workflow scheduling
Resource allocation
ICAART 2011 – Rome Universitat de Girona
09/10/2019

36. Experimentation & Results
Introduction
Background
Agent-Based WMS
Workflow Modeling:
RAPN
Workflow Monitoring
Experimentation & Results
Conclusions
ICAART 2011 – Rome Universitat de Girona
09/10/2019

37. eXiT
PETRI NET BASED AGENTS FOR COORDINATING RESOURCES IN A WORKFLOWMANAGEMENT SYSTEM
Universitat de Girona
ICAART 2011 – Rome Universitat de Girona
09/10/2019
Beatriz López, Joaquim Meléndez, Pablo Gay, Albert Plà