1. Carbon-based molecules are the foundation of life.

2. MACROMOLECULES
Many carbon-based molecules are made of many small subunits bonded together forming very large molecules

3. Four carbon-based macromolecules found in living things.
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Proteins
Nucleic Acids

4. Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates are made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.

5. Carbohydrates include sugars and starches.
Simple sugars. (one ring)
Complex Carbohydrates include starches, cellulose, and glycogen.

6. Carbohydrates Can be broken down to provide energy for cells.
Some carbohydrates are part of cell structure.
Cell Wall

7. are made of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and phosphate.
Lipids
are made of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and phosphate.

8. have many different functions.
Lipids
have many different functions.
Store energy
Make up cell membranes
Repel water

9. The cell membrane is made of two layers of lipids along with carbohydrates and proteins.

10. Lipids include fats, oils, cholesterol and wax.
Cholesterol, wax room temp
room temp.
room temp

11. Proteins
contain C, H, O, Nitrogen and sometimes Sulfur.
Proteins are made by linking Amino Acids and making long chains.

12. Proteins differ in the number and order of amino acids.
hydrogen bond
Simple…………………………………………………Complex

13. Protein have many functions
Antibodies - defend the body Muscles–movement Enzymes-speed up chemical reactions.
Hormonal-- Insulin
regulates glucose.
Structural - hair, quills, feathers, horns, nails and beaks.
Storage - egg whites; casein in milk Transport- hemoglobin transports oxygen

14. PROTEINS
Insulin Pump

15. Nucleic acids
are made of nucleotides.
One Nucleotide

16. Nucleotides are made of carbon, oxygen, nitrogen and phosphate

17. Two types of Nucleic Acids.

18. Two types of Nucleic Acids.
DNA stores genetic information.
RNA builds proteins
DNA
RNA