1. Chapter 27 Key Concepts

2. Russia versus Japan: Venn diagram
Similarities:
Industrialized
Prior imitation
Strong state role in industrialization
Centralized, authoritarian states
Typical tensions within society: westernize vs. maintaining culture
Retained their identities
Western advisors to assist with industrialization
Defied the growing pattern of western domination (compare to Latin America)

3. Japan Differences Russia Political repression
Harsh conditions for workers that undercut social stability
Many natural resources
Japan
Adapt its culture
Retained political and social cohesion
Bigger political and social changes
Monitored western advisors more closely
Few resources

4. RUSSIA: SPRITE
Social: lots of unrest and uprisings!
Serfs emancipated
Urban labor force
Population explosion
Women: education, careers

5. Political :
Waves of revolts → political repression → revolts, etc.
Some local political representation
State-sponsored education
Strong role in industrialization

6. Religion:
Russian Orthodox church still predominant

7. Intellectual:
Flourished culturally
Romanticism: folklore + nationalism
State-sponsored basic education
Intelligentsia, anarchists (terrorism)
Bolsheviks (Lenin)

8. Technology:
Industrialization
Reformed army

9. Economic:
State sponsored many enterprises
Railroads → expansion of iron and coal sectors, grain exports
Tariffs
Main industries: metallurgy/steel, petroleum, textiles

10. Before industrialization
Japan
Before industrialization
Flourishing intellectual and cultural life
Economy developed until 1850s - stagnant

11. japan Social: social revolution Abolished samurai class
Women: little changes
Government worked hard to promote social order
Nationalism (*sacrifice) – no revolution

12. Political: Meiji reform, emperor
Centralized power, abolished feudalism
Civil service exams (talent)
Diet: parliament
Feudalism had been in place since Europe’s Middle Ages!!

13. Religion: Neo-Confucianism Shintoism
Disdain for China (huge shift from early roots!)

14. Intellectual:
Terakoya

15. Technology:
Industrialization
Modern army, navy

16. Economy:
Government banks
State-run railroads, steamers
State operation of mines, shipyards, metallurgical plants
New agricultural methods
Private enterprises (*textiles)