1. The EEA’s energy efficiency index
Dr. Anca-Diana Barbu
25 February 2016 , EEA Scientific Committee Seminar

2. Tracking progress towards energy efficiency targets
In the Trends and projections report, the EEA measures the distance between actual performance
and a linear pathway towards the national target for primary energy consumption over the period

3. The energy efficiency index enriches the discussion on progress
Assess progress in the implementation of policies and measures to reach national energy efficiency targets
mandatory measures under the EED
other policies
Complement the single indicator currently used by the EEA in the Trends and projections report.

4. Structure of the index Performance indicators: 5 main sectors
Sectoral contribution to the national target
Energy performance and intensity indicators
Horizontal performance indicators
Policy development indicators

5. Methodology

6. Performance index: energy transformationID
Indicator
Unit
Source
PE1
Efficiency of conventional thermal generation %
EEA ENER019
PE2
Share of energy from renewable sources (RES)
Eurostat (nrg_ind_335a) 
PE3
Share of CHP in total electricity generation
Eurostat
PE4
Combined Heat and Power (CHP) heat production TJ
PE5
Transformation output of district heating
Eurostat (B_101109) / ENER19
PE6
Final energy consumption / Primary energy consumption
TJ/TJ
Current indicators: PE1, PE3, PE4
Alternative indicators: PE2,PE5,PE6
Issues currently under consideration:
PE2 overlaps with one indicator under the horizontal component + includes effects of biomass and geothermal in increasing primary energy
PE6 could penalise over time countries that prioritise geothermal energy, heat pumps, biomass and nuclear.

7. Performance index: industryID
Indicator
Unit
Source
PI1
Distance to target – FEC Industry TJ
Eurostat (tsdpc320)
PI2
Industry energy intensity using GVA, corrected for economic structure and ppp
TJ/EUR
Odyssee
PI3
ODEX Energy efficiency indicator for industry sector
Index (2005=100)
Issues currently under consideration:
sectoral contribution to the national energy efficiency target

8. Performance index: residential
Indicator
Unit
Source
PR1
Distance to target – FEC Residential, climate corrected TJ
Eurostat/ EEA ENER016
PR2
Final energy consumption per m2, with climatic corrections and scaled to European climate
TJ/ m2
Eurostat/ Odyssee
PR3
Electricity consumption per dwelling with climate corrections
KWh/ dwelling
Odyssee
PR4
Space heating and water heating per dwelling, with climate corrections
TJ/ dwelling
Current indicators: PR1, PR2
Alternative indicators: PR3, PR4
Issues currently under consideration:
Sectoral contribution to the national target
Reflect electricity consumption per dwelling and heat consumption per dwelling individually? (PR3 and PR4 could replace PR2)

9. Performance index: servicesID
Indicator
Unit
Source
PS1
Distance to target – FEC services, climate corrected TJ
Eurostat (tsdpc320)
Odyssee
PS2
Electricity consumption per employee
KWh/ employee
PS3
Final energy consumption per employee, climate corrected
TJ/ employee
PS4
Energy consumption per gross value added, climate corrected at PPP
TJ/EUR
PS5
Total energy for space heating with climate corrections per employee
Current indicators: PS1,PS3,PS4
Alternative indicators: PS2,PS5
Issues currently under consideration:
Sectoral contribution to the national target
Separate trends for electricity and heat in the service sector? (PS2 and PS5 could replace PS3)

10. Performance index: transportID
Indicator
Unit
Source
PT1
Distance to target - FEC transport TJ
Eurostat (tsdpc320)
PT2
Energy intensity of passenger transport (motorised modes)
TJ per passenger-km
Odyssee
PT3
Energy intensity of goods transport
TJ per tonne-km
Issues currently under consideration:
Sectoral contribution to the national target
International transport included in PT1 but not in PT2 and PT3

11. Horizontal index Issues currently under consideration:
Indicator
Unit
Source H1
Distance to EU PEC target indicator TJ
Eurostat nrg_ind_334a or EEA ENER 026
H1’
Distance to EU FEC target indicator H2
RES contribution to reducing PEC %
EEA H3
Energy intensity of the EU economy (adjusted for climate, ppp and economic structure)
TJ/ Million EUR
Odyssee
Issues currently under consideration:
Distance to target at sectoral and horizontal levels: introducing a large bias?

12. Policy development index
Requirement
Score: 1
Score: 0 / 0.5
Source
Transposition of EED - Art.7
Yes No
DG ENER
Transposition of EED - Art 8
CA EED report
Availability of intermediate targets for NZEBs (for 2015)
DG ENER NZEB progress report
Increased level of ambition
- FEC target
- PEC target
DG ENER EE target progress report
National building renovation strategies
- Public building inventories
- Cost-effective approach to renovation
- Forward-looking investments
- Cost-effective renovation
- Expected energy savings and wider benefits
  Yes
High
Low
Accumulated impact of key policies
Odyssee Mure policy scoreboard
Level of compliance/implementation of EED, EPBD, Ecodesign/labelling and other directives
Issues currently under consideration:
Different policy cycles (dynamics)
Accurate representation of key policies
Consistency of baselines
Policy interactions
Availability of info. on policy evaluations

13. EIONET review
Level of aggregation: some countries expressed concerns over an overall EU index
Sectoral targets: Splitting the target in final energy consumption by sectors: questions over the legitimacy of this approach given the flexibilities included in the EED;
Indicator adequacy: concerns regarding the adequacy of some indicators due to either availability of data (e.g. transport, services) or due to the fact that they could penalise countries using different energy sources (e.g. transformation sector); proposals for new indicators;
Heating indicators: different opinions how to take into account the difference in climate for different countries; inclusion of cooling was raised;
Measurement units used: need to be appropriate for what we aim to measure
National data comparability: There have been some concerns over the fact that national data is not necessarily comparable given that countries may use different definitions.